Chapter Exam

1. The necessary and proper clause is located in:
   a. Article I, Section 8
   b. Article I, Section 10
   c. Article II, Section 2
   d. Article 4
   
2. In the case of McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the Supreme Court upheld the government's ________ power that allowed it to create a national bank.
   a. concurrent
   b. implied
   c. reserved
   d. absolute
   
3. Which of the following is not a function that is given to the national government?
   a. Pass laws
   b. Enforce laws
   c. Settle disputes or controversies that arise from applying the laws
   d. All of these powers are given to the national government.
   
4. A court order that requires government officials to bring the body before the court is known as a:
   a. Writ of certiorari
   b. Writ of mandamus
   c. Writ of habeas corpus
   d. Writ of prohibition
   
5. A legislative act that simultaneously declares a person guilty of a crime and sentences him or her without the benefit of a formal trial is known as a(n):
   a. Ex post facto law
   b. Bill of attainder
   c. Writ of certiorari
   d. Writ of habeas corpus
   
6. A law declaring an action illegal when it was performed before the law making it illegal was passed is known as a(n):
   a. Ex post facto law
   b. Bill of attainder
   c. Writ of certiorari
   d. Writ of habeas corpus
   
7. The first ten amendments to the Constitution are known as the:
   a. Bill of attainder
   b. Writs of habeas corpus
   c. Bill of Rights
   d. Federalist Papers
   
8. The clause that states that the laws and actions of the national government take precedence over state and local laws is the:
   a. Elastic clause
   b. Supremacy clause
   c. Bill of attainder
   d. Writ of habeas corpus
   
9. A proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted if it is passed by a:
   a. Two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress and two-thirds of the state legislatures
   b. Convention called by Congress at the request of two-thirds of the states and is ratified by conventions in three-quarters of the states
   c. Convention called by Congress at the request of a majority of the states and is ratified by a majority of the state legislatures
   d. Majority vote in both houses and is ratified by conventions in a majority of the states
   
10. The most recently ratified amendment to the Constitution:
    a. Limits presidential tenure in office
    b. Prohibits poll taxes
    c. Lowered the voting age to eighteen
    d. Limited Congress's ability to change its own compensation
    
11. The Federalist Papers are:
    a. The Constitution
    b. The Articles of Confederation
    c. A series of editorials to support the ratification of the Constitution
    d. A series of editorials that opposed the ratification of the Constitution
    
12. Montesquieu is responsible for the idea of:
    a. Republicanism
    b. The Enlightenment
    c. Separation of powers
    d. The state of nature
    
13. Put together, the principles of separation of powers and checks and balances create a system of:
    a. Limited government
    b. Republicanism
    c. Dictatorship
    d. Divided government
    
14. ___________ was a cornerstone of the system of government created by the Constitution to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful.
    a. Separation of powers
    b. Republicanism
    c. The Electoral College
    d. The elastic clause
    
15. ___________ was another cornerstone of the system of government created by the Constitution to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful.
    a. Checks and balances
    b. Republicanism
    c. The Electoral College
    d. The elastic clause
    
16. When a president vetoes a bill, it checks the power of the:
    a. Judicial branch from ruling on the merits of a law
    b. Bureaucracy by preventing it from enforcing a law in a manner inconsistent with the wishes of the president
    c. Legislative branch's ability to make law
    d. Public to demand that an idea become law
    
17. Impeachment happens when:
    a. The president resigns from office
    b. The Senate votes to remove an executive or judicial branch official from office
    c. The House advances a formal charge of misconduct against an executive or judicial branch official by majority vote
    d. Either house of Congress decides to remove one of its own members
    
18. The Supreme Court's power to declare an act of Congress null and void is known as:
    a. Judicial review
    b. Separation of powers
    c. National supremacy
    d. A bill of attainder
    
19. In the case of ________, the Supreme Court gave itself the power of judicial review.
    a. Marbury v. Madison
    b. McCulloch v. Maryland
    c. Georgia v. Cherokee Indian Nation
    d. Gibbons v. Ogden
    
20. ________ happens when policy mandates are carried out through public programs and actions.
    a. Policy formation
    b. Policy implementation
    c. Policy evaluation
    d. Policy adoption