Study Guide Practice Quiz

1. When uniform colors appear to have a gradient at the border between light and darker shades, this is called:
   a. Change blindness
   b. Sensory deprivation
   c. A Mach Band
   d. Colorblindness
   
2. Various parts of the retina communicate through the use of:
   a. Horizontal cells
   b. Both horizontal cells and amacrine cells
   c. Retinal ganglion cells
   d. Amacrine cells
   
3. In humans, sensory transduction is accomplished by the use of:
   a. Pressure-sensitive receptors
   b. Taste buds and hair cells
   c. Photoreceptors and stretch receptors
   d. All of the above
   
4. 30% of the human brain is dedicated to this sense:
   a. Audition
   b. Olfaction
   c. Taste
   d. Vision
   
5. The constricting of the iris will result in:
   a. Less light entering the eye
   b. More light entering the eye
   c. Images focusing right side-up on the retina
   d. Change in color of the iris
   
6. Areas of the retina communicate with each other through the:
   a. Retinal ganglion cells
   b. Horizontal cells and amacrine cells
   c. Bipolar cells
   d. None of the above
   
7. Once light passes through the cornea, it is restricted by the:
   a. Lens
   b. Retina
   c. Iris
   d. Retinal ganglion cells
   
8. The retina is located:
   a. In the back of the eye, infront of the lens and cornea
   b. In the front of the eye, in the center of the iris
   c. In the front of the eye, next to the pupil
   d. In the back of the eye, behind the cornea, iris, and lens
   
9. The Mach Band illusion works on the principle of:
   a. Contrast enhancement
   b. The blind spot
   c. Change blindness
   d. Recurrence
   
10. An object that is located in your left visual field will be processed in your:
    a. Left hemisphere
    b. Right hemisphere
    c. Optic nerve
    d. Recurrence
    
11. The nerve bundles of the eyes are referred to as optic tracts once they have been:
    a. Connected together
    b. Rerouted back to the eyes
    c. Connected to the occipital lobe
    d. Sorted into two visual fields
    
12. Optic radiations move information from the LGN to the:
    a. Secondary visual cortex
    b. Primary visual cortex
    c. Retinas
    d. Optic chiasm
    
13. Scientists David Hubel and Torsten Weisel made ground-breaking characterizations of cells in the:
    a. Optic nerve
    b. Primary visual cortex
    c. Retina
    d. LGN
    
14. The cells of the primary visual cortex are arranged into:
    a. Columns
    b. Groups of 10
    c. Pairs
    d. Clusters
    
15. The Kanizsa figure shows how the neurons in the secondary visual cortex respond to perceived:
    a. Circles
    b. Movement
    c. Lines
    d. Size differences
    
16. A primary function of the ventral visual stream is to decipher ___ objects are.
    a. How fast
    b. What
    c. How large
    d. Where
    
17. For familiar stimuli, visual neurons tend to use a _____ code.
    a. Population
    b. Rate
    c. Sparse
    d. Retinotopic
    
18. An individual with Balint's syndrome would look at a photograph of a family eating dinner and describe:
    a. A blank rectangle
    b. The individual people and objects, but not the scene as a whole
    c. A nonsensical scene filled with imaginary objects
    d. None of the above
    
19. Lesions on the dorsal stream would cause what type of difficulty?
    a. Knowing how and where to interact with objects
    b. Distinguishing between similar visual objects
    c. Distinguishing different shades of colors
    d. Recognizing the faces of loved ones
    
20. If you are able to see objects, but unable to interact with them, you may have damage to your:
    a. Dorsal stream
    b. Ventral stream
    c. Retina
    d. Cornea
    
21. Damage to ____ is the most likely to cause scotomas (areas of diminished vision or blindness).
    a. V4
    b. V3
    c. V2
    d. V1
    
22. In binocular rivalry, the competition is between:
    a. the left and right hemispheres
    b. Higher-level percepts or representations
    c. The rods and cones
    d. The primary visual cortex and the secondary visual cortex
    
23. Change blindness can be described as:
    a. Blindness due to a lesion on the retina
    b. Failing to notice a change in the environment
    c. Failure to see objects in one visual field
    d. 50% blindness in one eye
    
24. A description of a feedback loop would be:
    a. The eyelid blinking after dust is blow into the eye
    b. The pupil dilating after exposure to bright light
    c. Dreams interrupted by an alarm clock
    d. The higher parts of the visual system sending information back to the lower parts
    
25. Feedback systems allows humans to form _____ about the external environment.
    a. Inaccurate assumptions
    b. memories
    c. Predictions
    d. descriptions