The History of Psychology

Description

The History of Psychology: Fundamental Questions provides significant excerpts from the philosophers, theologians, and scientists who contributed to the development of psychology. It also includes more recent works covering issues and ideas in cognitive psychology and neuroscience. Extensively classroom-tested, this anthology addresses a comprehensive range of topics, yet is suitable for use as a core text or as a supplement in a single-semester course on the history of psychology.
The History of Psychology offers selections from:
· Aristotle
· St. Thomas Aquinas
· Rene Descartes
· John Locke
· Immanuel Kant
· Hermann Ebbinghaus
· Charles Darwin
· Margaret Floy Washburn
· Wilhelm Wundt
· Jean Piaget
· B.F. Skinner
· Noam Chomsky
and many others. The readings encourage students to consider the foundations of psychology and the questions that led to its emergence as a distinct discipline. Going beyond the presentation and defense of a particular point of view, this collection gives students the opportunity to consider the fundamental questions of psychology. The book is organized into nine thematic sections that are presented chronologically. Each section includes works that cohere thematically to encourage discussion, highlight related topics, and stimulate the classic and more current debates within the field of psychology. Every reading is preceded by a brief biography of the author and a note about his or her range of interests and influence.
Featuring original works from some of the most important figures in the history of psychology, The History of Psychology is ideal for undergraduate and graduate courses on history and systems in psychology and philosophy of psychology.

Table of Contents

Section 1: What is the mind?
Plato (428/427-348/347 BC)
The Cave
-from The Republic
Hippocrates (460-377, BC)
Tradition in Medicine
Dreams
Nature of Man
- from The Hippocratic Collection
Aristotle (384-322 BC)
Book 1, Chapter 1
Book 3
-from de Anima
St. Augustine of Hippo (397)
Memory
-from Confessions
St. Thomas Aquinas (1265)
Human nature-embodied spirit
Human abilities-bodily and spiritual
How man knows
-from Summa theologiae
Section 2: Mechanisms of Mind
René Descartes (1650)
Treatise of Man
-Selections
John Locke (1689)
Of Ideas in General, and their Original
Of Perception
-from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
Gottfied Wilhelm Leibniz (1765)
Of Ideas
-from New Essays on Human Understanding
David Hume (1748)
Of the Origin of Ideas
Of the Association of Idea
Of the Idea of Necessary Connection
-from An Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding
Immanuel Kant (1798)
On the Cognitive Faculty
-from Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View
Section 3: Scientific Methods
Gustav Fechner (1860)
Introduction
Outer Psychophysics
-from Elements of Psychophysics
Hermann von Helmholtz (1878)
The Facts of Perception
-Speech held at the Commemoration-Day Celebration of the Frederick William University in Berlin, August 3, 1878
Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885)
Our Knowledge Concerning Memory
The Method of Investigation
-from Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology
Ivan Pavlov (1927)
Lectures on the Work of the Cerebral Hemispheres
-from Conditioned Reflexes: An Investigation of the Physiological Activity of the Cerebral Cortex
Section 4: Emotion and Instinct in Animals and Humans
Charles Darwin (1873)
General Principles of Expression
-from Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
Margaret Floy Washburn (1907)
The Difficulties and Methods of Comparative Psychology
The Evidence of Mind
-from The Animal Mind
William James (1892)
Emotion
Instinct
-from Psychology: A Briefer Course
Francis Galton (1907)
The History of Twins
Selection and Race
Influence of Man Upon Race
Conclusion
-from Inquiries into Human Faculty and its Development
Section 5: Human Development
Milicent W. Shinn (1900)
Baby Biographies in General
The Dawn of Intelligence
-from The Biography of a Baby
Sigmund Freud (1910)
The Origin and Development of Psychoanalysis: Third, Fourth, and Fifth Lectures
-from The American Journal of Psychology
Alfred Binet & Theodore Simon (1905)
New methods for the diagnosis of the intellectual level of subnormals
-from L'Annee Psychologique
Hugo Munsterberg (1913)
Applied Psychology
Means and Ends
Vocation and Fitness
-from Psychology and Industrial Efficiency
Section 6: What is the Goal of Psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt (1894)
Lectures 1 and 30
-from Lectures on Human and Animal Psychology
Max Wertheimer (1923-24)
Gestalt theory
-Address before the Kant Society, 1924
Laws of Organization in Perceptual Forms
-from Psychologische Forschung, 1923
E. B. Titchener (1927)
Ideational type and the Association of Ideas
-from Experimental Psychology: A Manual of Laboratory Practice
Section 7: Learning
John B. Watson (1913)
Psychology as a Behaviorist Views It
-from Psychological Review
Edward C. Tolman (1948)
Cognitive Maps in Rats and Men
-from Psychological Review
D. O. Hebb (1949)
The First Stage of Perception: Growth of the Assembly
-from The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory
Section 8: Cognition
Jean Piaget (1923)
The Functions of Language in Two Children of Six
-from The Language and Thought of the Child
L. S. Vygotski (1934)
Thought and Word
-from Mind in Society
B. F. Skinner (1957)
The Mand
-from Verbal Behavior
Noam Chomsky (1959)
Verbal Behavior, review
-from Language
Sir Frederic C. Bartlett (1932)
The Method of Repeated Production
-from Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology
Ulric Neisser (1967)
The Cognitive Approach
A Cognitive Approach to Memory and Thought
-from Cognitive Psychology
Section 9: Considerations of Context
James J. Gibson (1979)
The Theory of Affordances
-from The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception
James L. McClelland, David E. Rumelhart, and Geoffrey E. Hinton (1986)
The Appeal of Parallel Distributed Processing
-from Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition
V. S. Ramachandran and Sandra Blakeslee (1999)
Do Martians See Red?
-from Phantoms in the Brain: Probing the Mysteries of the Human Mind