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Cover

Skeleton Keys

An Introduction to Human Skeletal Morphology, Development, and Analysis

Second Edition

Jeffrey H. Schwartz

Publication Date - 01 September 2006

ISBN: 9780195188592

416 pages
Hardcover
7-1/2 x 9-1/4 inches

Thoroughly revised and updated, the second edition of this accessible introduction to the study of the human skeleton.

Description

In Skeleton Keys: An Introduction to Human Skeletal Morphology, Development, and Analysis, Second Edition, Jeffrey H. Schwartz presents a detailed yet highly accessible introduction to the study of the human skeleton. This unique volume examines the skeleton from its developmental basis to the expression of individual variation. It reviews a variety of different approaches used to determine an individual's sex, age, and pathological history and challenges readers to think critically about how to analyze a human skeleton rather than learning formulas for quick results. An ideal text for courses in human osteology, skeletal analysis, and bioarchaeology, this book is also a helpful reference for professionals.

Thoroughly revised and updated, the second edition of Skeleton Keys features:

* The companion website contains hundreds of color images of skeletons and skeletal elements--demonstrating morphology, pathology, and nonmetric variation--that can be used as classroom projections or for individual study
* Coverage of the most recent developments in the field, including the molecular regulation of bone and tooth formation
* Expanded studies in each area of analysis: sex, age, nonmetric variation, pathology, biodistance and bioarchaeology, and stable isotope analysis
* Additional photographic images, especially in the pathology and sexing chapters
* Two separate and extensively illustrated chapters on the skull, one dealing with articulated elements and one with isolated bones (these topics were covered in one chapter in the first edition)
* Integration of material--such as anthropometric landmarks--from appendices in the previous edition into relevant chapters as tables
* More accessible language throughout and an extensive glossary

Previous Publication Date(s)

September 1995

Reviews

"Skeleton Keys takes the reader beyond basic human osteology; the choice of content, format, and writing style encourages meaningful reflections concerning how we approach our understanding of the human skeleton."--Midori Albert, University of North Carolina, Wilmington

"For those teaching a course that is biologically oriented, Skeleton Keys is the best book. It covers microscopic anatomy and growth and development of bones and teeth and is appropriate for students interested in paleoanthropology, biology, and medicine, in addition to those interested in human osteology."--M. Anne Katzenberg, University of Calgary

"The quality of the images is excellent. These images on a CD will enhance the student experience. . . . [This book is a] very useful text for any biological anthropologist and ideal for osteology courses of various levels."--Helen Cho, Davidson College

Table of Contents

    Preface
    1. An Introduction to Skeletal Anatomy and the Development, Physiology, and Biochemistry of Bone
    The Terminology of Anatomical Position
    Units of the Skeleton and Their Articular Relations
    Gross Anatomy of Bone
    Osteogenesis: The Formation of Bone
    Regulation of and Abnormalities in Bone Growth
    Other Pathological Aspects of Bone Growth and Physiology
    Bone Biochemistry and Diet
    2. The Skull
    External Morphology
    Cranium
    Facial Skeleton
    Internal Morphology
    Skullcap
    Base of the Skull
    Nasal Cavity
    3. Individual Bones of the Skull
    Mandible
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Maxilla
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    The Palatine Bone
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Nasal Bone
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Lacrimal Bone
    Frontal Bone
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Parietal Bone
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Zygoma
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Vomer
    Inferior Nasal Concha
    Ethmoid
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Temporal Bone
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Occipital Bone
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Sphenoid
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Hyoid
    Inner Ear Bones
    4. The Postcranial Axial Skeleton: Vertebral Column, Sacrum, Sternum, and Ribs
    Vertebral Column: Overview
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    True Vertebrae
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    First and Second Cervical Vertebrae
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Sacrum
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Coccyx
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Sternum
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Ribs
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    5. The Upper Limb
    Scapula
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Clavicle
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Humerus
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Radius
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Ulna
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    The Hand
    Carpus
    Ossification of the Carpals
    Scaphoid
    Lunate
    Triquetral
    Pisiform
    Trapezium
    Trapezoid
    Capitate
    Hamate
    Metacarpals
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Phalanges
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Determination of Stature from Upper Limb Bones
    6. The Lower Limb
    Pelvic Girdle
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Femur
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Patella
    Tibia
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Fibula
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    The Foot
    Tarsus
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Talus
    Calcaneus
    Navicular
    Medial Cuneiform
    Intermediate Cuneiform
    Lateral Cuneiform
    Cuboid
    Metatarsals
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Phalanges
    Morphology
    Development and Ossification
    Determination of Stature from Lower Limb Bones
    7. Teeth
    Basic Gross Dental Anatomy
    Different Dentitions: An Overview
    Tooth Surfaces and Orientation
    Basic Nomenclature of Crown Anatomy
    Molars: An Overview
    Upper Molars
    Upper Premolars
    Upper Canine
    Upper Incisors
    Lower Molars
    Lower Premolars
    Lower Canine
    Lower Incisors
    Summary of Permanent Tooth Identification
    Incisors
    Canines
    Premolars
    Molars
    Deciduous Teeth
    Enamel: Normal and Other Features
    Supernumerary Teeth and Tooth Agenesis
    Tooth Eruption and Root Formation
    Crown Development: An Overview
    Molecular Regulation of Crown Development: A Brief Overview
    8. Aging
    Overview
    Childhood
    Tooth Formation Sequences: A Brief Overview
    Tooth Formation and Eruption Sequences: A Discussion
    Cranium
    Postcranium
    Juvenile Age
    Overview
    Epiphyseal Union
    Adulthood
    Pubic Symphysis
    Auricular Region (Ilium)
    Rib (Sternal End)
    Other Postcranial Elements
    Skull
    Age-Related Changes in Teeth
    The Complex Method of Determining Adult Age (After Acsádi and Nemeskéri, 1970)
    The Proximal Humerus: Phases of Age-Related Change
    The Proximal Femur: Phases of Age-Related Change
    The Pubic Symphysis: Phases of Age-Related Change
    Calculation of Age
    The Multifactorial Method of Determining Summary Age (After Lovejoy et al., 1985a)
    Histological Age-Related Changes in Bone
    Specimen Preparation
    Gross Histological Changes in Cortical Bone
    Detailed Histological Changes in Cortical Bone
    9. Differentially Expressed Morphological Character States: Nonmetric Variation, Sex Determination, Populations, and a Discussion of Biodistance Analysis
    Overview
    Considering the Bases of Nondental, Nonmetric Variation
    Dental Nonmetric Traits
    The Assessment of Skeletal Sexual Dimorphism
    Nonmetric Variation, Sexual Dimorphism, and Populations
    A Discussion of Metric Approaches to Biodistance Analysis
    10. Pathology: Disease, Trauma, and Stress
    Overview
    Infectious Diseases of Bone
    Joint Diseases
    Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
    Tumors
    Bone Necrosis
    Fractures and Trauma
    Infectious and Degenerative Diseases of the Jaws and Teeth
    Appendix A: Osteometry
    Cranial and Mandibular Measurements
    Postcranial Measurements
    Postcranial Indices
    Appendix B: Comparative Osteology: Human, Deer, Bear, Pig
    Glossary
    References
    Index

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