Paradigms for Anthropology

Description

This anthology offers ethnographies from classical anthropology and the more familiar settings of the agrarian Midwest, the Mexican border, the Rust Belt, and the frontiers of the recent economic meltdown. Editors E. Paul Durrenberger and Suzan Erem have compiled readings from classic works by Bronislaw Malinowski, Eric R. Wolf, Ward Goodenough, Marvin Harris, and Marshall Sahlins alongside new writings by contemporaries like Alan Sandstrom, Lisa Gezon, Josiah Heyman, and Dimitra Doukas in order to provide a clear and riveting introduction to the anthropology of contemporary societies.

These carefully selected articles illustrate how a variety of anthropologists approach such topics as religion, family, commerce, history, power, and wealth. An introduction to each essay helps students relate their own lives to the ethnographies and assists instructors in opening students' minds to replace prejudice with understanding, ethnocentrism with cultural relativism, and indifference with enthusiasm.

Table of Contents

Preface
Introduction

Part I: Field Work

Chapter 1: The Early Paradigm on a Pacific Island: Excerpt from Argonauts of the Western Pacific, Bronislaw Malinowski
Chapter 2: How It Works in the Global World: "Anthropologist: the Myth Teller," Miles Richardson

Part II: Cultural Codes

Chapter 3: Where Pacific Islanders Live: "Residency Rules," Ward H. Goodenough
Chapter 4: Nahua Religion in Mexico: "Anthropology Gets Religion: Cultural Ecology, Pantheism, and Paper Dolls among the Nahua People of Mexico," Alan R. Sandstrom

Part III: Explaining Cultures

Chapter 5: Sacred Cows in India: "The Myth of the Sacred Cow," Marvin Harris
Chapter 6: New Guinea Rituals: "Ritual Regulation of Environmental Relations among a New Guinea People," Roy A. Rappaport

Part IV: The Importance of History

Chapter 7: The Origin of Islam: "The Social Organization of Mecca and the Origins of Islam," Eric R. Wolf
Chapter 8: Community in Mexico and Indonesia: "Closed Corporate Peasant Communities in Mesoamerica and Central Java," Eric R. Wolf
Chapter 9: Household to Firm in Iceland: "Peasants, Entrepreneurs and Companies: The Evolution of Icelandic Fishing," E. Paul Durrenberger and Gísli Pálsson
Chapter 10: The Development of Underdevelopment: "The Development of Underdevelopment," Andre Gunder-Frank

Part V: Power and Culture

Chapter 11: Why Khat Is Illegal in Madagascar: "Leaf of Paradise or Aid to Terrorism? Cultural Construction of a Drug Called Khat," Lisa L. Gezon
Chapter 12: Merging U.S. and Mexican Culture: "Bordering Culture: The U.S.-Mexico Case," Josiah Heyman and Howard Campbell
Chapter 13: Shaping American Culture: "Wealth Unbound: Corporate Capitalism and the Transformation of U.S. Culture," Dimitra Doukas

Part VI: Global Processes and Local Systems

Chapter 14: Gender and Households in Turkey: "Households and Gender Relations in Economic Development: A Central Anatolian Village," Emine Onaran Incirlioglu
Chapter 15: Informal Economy in California: "Economists' Blind Spot: Field Stories of the Informal Economy among Mexican Immigrants in Silicon Valley," Christian Zlolniski
Chapter 16: Water and Health in Bangladesh: "Water: The Other Name of Life: South Asian Perspectives," Azizur R. Molla
Chapter 17: Industrial Swine Production in Iowa: "This Little Piggy Went to Market, This Little Piggy Stayed Home; This Little Piggy Got Roast Beef, This Little Piggy Got None: The Social, Cultural, and Economic Effects of Changing Systems of Swine Production in Iowa," Barbara J. Dilly
Chapter 18: Cooperatives in Japan: "Japan's Worker Co-operative Movement into the Twenty-First Century," Bob Marshall

Part VII: Where Do Individuals Fit?

Chapter 19: Responses to Tourism in Indonesia: "Ethnic Tourism and the Renegotiation of Tradition in Tana Toraja," Kathleen M. Adams
Chapter 20: Individuals in Systems: "The Sims Meet Anthropology: The Use of Computer Simulation to Harness Social Complexity," Lawrence A. Kuznar