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Introduction to Physical Hydrology

Martin Hendriks

Publication Date - 26 March 2010

ISBN: 9780199296842

352 pages
Paperback

Description

As hydrology is now approached from environmental and social perspectives--in addition to the more traditional physical geography and civil engineering perspectives--there has never been a more opportune time to develop a sound understanding of the field.

Introduction to Physical Hydrology provides students with a solid foundation in the core principles of the subject. Exploring the key rules that govern the flow of water on land, it considers the four major types of water: atmospheric, ground, soil, and surface. The text offers insights into major hydrological processes and shows how the principles of physical hydrology inform our understanding of climate and global hydrology. The book includes a carefully developed and class-tested pedagogical framework: it employs an extensive range of exercises, global examples, and a series of Math Toolboxes to help students engage with and master the material. A Companion Website features resources for students and instructors.

About the Author(s)

Martin Hendriks is Associate Professor of Physical Hydrology at Utrecht University, where he teaches hydrology and physical geography at all levels, and coordinates their MSc program in Physical Geography and Hydrology.

Table of Contents

    1: Introduction
    1.1. Major water types
    1.2. Hydrological cycle
    1.3. Drainage basin hydrological processes
    1.4. Water balance
    2: Atmospheric water
    2.1. Cloud formation
    2.2. Generation of precipitation
    2.3. Precipitation types
    2.4. Measuring precipitation
    2.5. Areal precipitation
    2.6. Evaporation types and measurement
    2.7. Estimating evaporation: Penman-Monteith
    3: Groundwater
    3.1. Misconceptions
    3.2. Drilling a hole
    3.3. Bernoulli to the aid
    3.4. Aqui
    3.5. Effective infiltration velocity and infiltration rate
    3.6. The soil as a wet sponge
    3.7. Brothers in science: Darcy and Ohm
    3.8. Refracting the water
    3.9. Keep it simple and confined
    3.10. Continuity and its consequences
    3.11. Going Dutch
    3.12. Flow nets
    3.13. Groundwater flow regimes and systems
    3.14. Fresh and saline: Ghijben-Herzberg
    3.15. Groundwater hydraulics
    4: Soil water
    4.1. Negative water pressures
    4.2. Determining the total potential
    4.3. The soil as dry filter paper or a wet sponge
    4.4. The soil moisture characteristic
    4.5. Drying and wetting: hysteresis
    4.6. Unsaturated water flow
    4.7. Moving up: capillary rise and evaporation
    4.8. Moving down: infiltration and percolation
    4.9. Preferential flow
    5: Surface water
    5.1. Bernoulli revisited
    5.2. Measuring stage, water velocity and discharge
    5.3. Hydrograph analysis
    5.4. Conceptual rainfall-runoff models
    5.5. Variable source area hydrology
    A. Alternative hydrological terms
    B. Boxes inventory
    C. Conceptual Toolkit
    D. Answers to the exercises
    M. Mathematics Toolboxes

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