The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning

Edited by Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D. and Robert G. Morrison, Ph.D.

Oxford Library of Psychology

Provides a comprehensive treatment of thinking and reasoning, authored by top researchers in each field
Includes in-depth analysis of inductive, deductive and abductive reasoning as well as variable aspects of thinking and reasoning across the human lifespan
Contains methods of teaching people to think more effectively
Part of THE OXFORD LIBRARY OF PSYCHOLOGY series

The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning

Edited by Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D. and Robert G. Morrison, Ph.D.

Description

Thinking and reasoning, long the academic province of philosophy, have over the past century emerged as core topics of empirical investigation and theoretical analysis in the modern fields of cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience. Formerly seen as too complicated and amorphous to be included in early textbooks on the science of cognition, the study of thinking and reasoning has since taken off, brancing off in a distinct direction from the field from which it originated.

The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning is a comprehensive and authoritative handbook covering all the core topics of the field of thinking and reasoning. Written by the foremost experts from cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and cognitive neuroscience, individual chapters summarize basic concepts and findings for a major topic, sketch its history, and give a sense of the directions in which research is currently heading. Chapters include introductions to foundational issues and methods of study in the field, as well as treatment of specific types of thinking and reasoning and their application in a broad range of fields including business, education, law, medicine, music, and science. The volume will be of interest to scholars and students working in developmental, social and clinical psychology, philosophy, economics, artificial intelligence, education, and linguistics.

The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning

Edited by Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D. and Robert G. Morrison, Ph.D.

Oxford Library of Psychology

1. Thinking and Reasoning: A Reader's Guide
Keith J. Holyoak and Robert G. Morrison

Part I: General Approaches to Thinking and Reasoning

2. Normative Systems: Logic, Probability, and Rational Choice
Nick Chater and Mike Oaksford

3. Bayesian Inference
Tom Griffiths, Josh Tenenbaum, and Charles Kemp

4. Knowledge Representation
Arthur B. Markman

5. Computational Modeling of Higher Cognition
Leonidas A. A. Doumas and John E. Hummel

6. Neural Substrate of Thinking
Robert G. Morrison and Barbara Knowlton

7. Mental Function as Genetic Expression: Emerging Insights from Cognitive Neurogenetics
Adam E. Green and Kevin N. Dunbar

Part II: Deductive, Inductive and Abductive Reasoning

8. Dual-process Theories of Reasoning: Facts and fallacies
Jonathan St. B. T. Evans

9. Inference in Mental Models
P. N. Johnson-Laird

10. Similarity
Robert L. Goldstone, Ji Yun Son

11. Concepts and Categories: Memory, Meaning, and Metaphysics
Lance J. Rips, Edward E. Smith, and Douglas L. Medin

12. Causal Learning and Inference
Marc Buehner and Patricia W. Cheng

13. Analogy and Relational Reasoning
Keith J. Holyoak

14. Explanation and Abductive Inference
Tania Lombrozo

15. Rational Argument
Ulrike Hahn, Mike Oaksford

Part III. Judgment and Decision Making

16. Decision Making
Robyn A. LeBoeuf, Eldar Shafir

17. Judgment Heuristics
Dale Griffin

18. Cognitive Hierarchies and Emotions in Behavioral Game Theory
Colin Camerer and Alec Smith

19. Moral Judgment
Michael Waldmann, Jonas Nagel, and Alex Wiegmann

20. Motivated Thinking
Daniel C. Molden and E. Tory Higgins

Part IV. Problem Solving, Intelligence, and Creative Thinking

21. Problem Solving
Miriam Bassok and Laura R. Novick

22. On the Distinction between Rationality and Intelligence: Implications for Understanding Individual Differences in Reasoning
Keith E. Stanovich

23. Cognition and the Creation of Ideas
Steve M. Smith and Tom B. Ward

24. Insight
J. Jason van Steenburgh, Jessica I. Fleck, Mark Beeman, and John Kounios

25. Genius
Dean Keith Simonton

Part V. Ontogeny, Phylogeny, Language and Culture

26. Development of Thinking in Children
Susan A. Gelman and Brandy N. Frazier

27. The Human Enigma
Derek Penn and Dan Povinelli

28. Language and Thought
Lila Gleitman, Anna Papafragou

29. Thinking in Society and Culture
Tage Rai

Part VI. Modes of Thinking

30. Mathematical Cognition
John Opfer and Robert Siegler

31. Visuospatial Thinking
Mary Hegarty and Andrew T. Stull

32. Gesture in Thought
Susan Goldin-Meadow and Susan Wagner Cook

33. Impact of Aging on Thinking
Shannon McGillivray, Michael C. Friedman, and Alan D. Castel

34. The Cognitive Neuroscience of Thought Disorder in Schizophrenia
Peter Bachman and Tyrone D. Cannon

Part VII. Thinking in Practice

35. Scientific Thinking and Reasoning
Kevin N. Dunbar and David Klahr

36. Legal Reasoning
Barbara A. Spellman and Fred Schauer

37. Thinking and Reasoning in Medicine
Vimla L. Patel, Jose F. Arocha, and Jiajie Zhang

38. Thinking in Business
Jeffrey Lowenstein

39. Musical Thought
William Forde Thompson and Paolo Ammirante

40. Learning to Think: Cognitive Mechanisms of Knowledge Transfer
Ken Koedinger, Ido Roll

The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning

Edited by Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D. and Robert G. Morrison, Ph.D.

Oxford Library of Psychology

Author Information

Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D., is a Distinguished Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Robert G. Morrison, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Loyola University Chicago.

Contributors:

Paolo Ammirante
Department of Psychology
Macquarie University
Sydney, Australia

Jose F. Arocha
Department of Health Studies and Gerontology
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

Peter Bachman
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Miriam Bassok
Department of Psychology
University of Washington
Seattle, WA

Mark Beeman
Department of Psychology
Northwestern University
Evanston, IL

Marc J. Buehner
School of Psychology
Cardiff University
Cardiff, Wales, UK

Colin F. Camerer
Division of Humanities and Social Sciences
Computation and Neural Systems
California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, CA

Tyrone D. Cannon
Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Alan D. Castel
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Nick Chater
Cognitive, Perception and Brain Sciences
University College London
London, UK

Patricia W. Cheng
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Susan Wagner Cook
Department of Psychology
University of Iowa
Iowa City, IA

Leonidas A. A. Doumas
Department of Psychology
University of Hawaii at Manoa
Manoa, Hawaii

Kevin N. Dunbar
Department of Psychology
University of Toronto Scarborough
Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Jonathan St B T Evans
School of Psychology
University of Plymouth
Plymouth, UK

Jessica I. Fleck
Department of Psychology
The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey
Galloway Township, NJ

Brandy N. Frazier
Department of Psychology
University of Hawaii at Manoa
Manoa, HI

Michael C. Friedman
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Susan A. Gelman
Department of Psychology
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI

Thomas Gilovich
Department of Psychology
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY

Lila Gleitman
Department of Psychology
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA

Susan Goldin-Meadow
Department of Psychology
University of Chicago
Chicago, IL

Robert L. Goldstone
Department of Psychology
Indiana University
Bloomington, IN

Richard Gonzalez
Department of Psychology
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI

Adam E. Green
Department of Psychology
Georgetown University
Washington, DC

Dale W. Griffin
Sauder School of Business
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Thomas L. Gri?ths
Department of Psychology
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA

Ulrike Hahn
School of Psychology
Cardiff University
Cardiff, Wales, UK

Mary Hegarty
Department of Psychology
University of California, Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA

E. Tory Higgins
Department of Psychology
Columbia University
New York, NY

Keith J. Holyoak
Brain Research Institute
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

John E. Hummel
Department of Psychology
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Champaign, IL

P.N. Johnson-Laird
Department of Psychology
Princeton University
Princeton, NJ

Charles Kemp
Department of Psychology
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA

David Klahr
Department of Psychology
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA

Barbara J Knowlton
Department of Psychology
Brain Research Institute
University of California, Los Angeles

Kenneth R. Koedinger
Human-Computer Interaction and Psychology
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA

Derek J. Koehler
Department of Psychology
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

John Kounios
Department of Psychology
Drexel University
Philadelphia, PA

Robyn A. LeBoeuf
Marketing Department
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL

Jeffrey Loewenstein
Department of Management
The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX

Tania Lombrozo
Department of Psychology
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA

Arthur B. Markman
Department of Psychology
University of Texas
Austin, TX

Shannon McGillivray
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Douglas L. Medin
Psychology Department
Northwestern University
Evanston, IL

Daniel C. Molden
Department of Psychology
Northwestern University
Evanston, IL

Robert G. Morrison
Department of Psychology
Neuroscience Institute, Stritch School of Medicine
Loyola University Chicago

Jonas Nagel
Georg Elias Müller Institut für Psychologie
University of Göttingen
Göttingen, Germany

Laura R. Novick
Department of Psychology and Human Development
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, TN

Mike Oaksford
Department of Psychological Sciences
Birkbeck College London
London, UK

John E. Opfer
Department of Psychology
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH

Anna Papafragou
Department of Psychology
University of Delaware
Newark, DE

Vimla L. Patel
Center for Cognitive Informatics and Decision Making
School of Biomedical Informatics
University of Texas at Houston
Houston, TX

Derek C. Penn
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Daniel J. Povinelli
Cognitive Evolution Group
University of Louisiana
New Iberia, LA

Tage S. Rai
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Lance J. Rips
Psychology Department
Northwestern University
Evanston, IL

Ido Roll
Carl Wieman Science Education Initiative
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Frederick Schauer
School of Law
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, VA

Eldar Shafir
Psychology Department
Princeton University
Princeton, NJ

Robert S. Siegler
Department of Psychology
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA

Dean Keith Simonton
Department of Psychology
University of California, Davis
Davis, California

Alec Smith
Division of Humanities and Social Sciences
California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, CA

Edward E. Smith
Psychology Department
Columbia University
New York, NY

Steven M. Smith
Department of Psychology
Texas A&M University
College Station, TX

Ji Yun Son
Department of Psychology
California State University, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

Barbara A. Spellman
Department of Psychology and School of Law
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, VA

Keith E. Stanovich
Department of Human Development and Applied Psychology
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Andrew T. Stull
Department of Psychology
University of California, Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA

Joshua B. Tenenbaum
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Boston, MA

William Forde Thompson
Department of Psychology
Macquarie University
Sydney, Australia

J. Jason van Steenburgh
Department of Psychology
Drexel University
Philadelphia, PA

Michael R. Waldmann
Department of Psychology
University of Göttingen
Göttingen, Germany

Thomas B. Ward
Department of Psychology
University of Alabama
Tuscaloosa, AL

Alex Wiegmann
University of Göttingen
Göttingen, Germany

Jiajie Zhang
Center for Cognitive Informatics and Decision Making
School of Biomedical Informatics
University of Texas at Houston
Houston, TX

The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning

Edited by Keith J. Holyoak, Ph.D. and Robert G. Morrison, Ph.D.

Oxford Library of Psychology

Reviews and Awards

"This rich and complex book tackles the vagaries of the mind in a neuroscientific framework, but it is not a survey or introductory manual to be read casually. It requires an intense passion for studying this area and in-depth understanding of the concepts to truly reap its rewards." -- DOODY'S

"This is an excellent volume on the growing field of thinking and reasoning, now a part of high-level human cognition which includes creative thinking, decision making and problem solving. These have of late become increasingly important areas of inquiry and scientific research. The better we understand ourselves and others, the happier are the lives we can lead. The editors and contributors therefore deserve to be applauded for this monumental work which contributes immensely to understanding ourselves and our thoughts." -- BizIndia

"This comprehensive treatment of human thinking should be of value to anyone who is interested in human cognition and the many ways in which it can be conceptualized, modeled, and studied. Holyoak and Morrison in the Oxford Handbook also provide suggestions for organizing the chapters in the book for use as a text for advanced undergraduates (very advanced, I'd add) and graduate students. All of these potential readers should find many issues worth thinking about in the 836 pages of this book." -- PsycCRITIQUES