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The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology

Second Edition

Edited by Shane J. Lopez and C. R. Snyder

Oxford Library of Psychology

The definitive text in the field of positive psychology, updated in a second edition paperback
Summarizes and synthesizes the relevant literatures in the field of positive psychology, with additional attention paid to future applications in the field
Ideal primary or complementary text for positive psychology seminars or courses on topics such as well-being and optimal human functioning
Part of THE OXFORD LIBRARY OF PSYCHOLOGY

The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology

Second Edition

Edited by Shane J. Lopez and C. R. Snyder

Foreword

Preface

Part 1: Major Developments in Positive Psychology

1: A Case for Positive Psychology
Shane J. Lopez and Matthew W. Gallagher

2: Positive Psychology Past, Present, & Future
Ed Diener

3: Positive Emotions
Michael Cohn & Barbara Fredrickson

4: Classifying and Measuring Strengths of Character
Christopher Peterson & Nansook Park

5: Positive Psychology Applications
P. Alex Linley, Stephen Joseph, John Maltby, & Alex M. Wood

6: Positive Psychology within a Cultural Context
Jennifer Teramoto Pedrotti, Lisa M. Edwards, & Shane J. Lopez

Part 2: Positive Psychology Perspectives on Human Behavior

7: Stopping the James Maddux

8: Widening the Diagnostic Focus: A Case for Including Human Strengths and Environmental Resources
Beatrice Wright & Shane J. Lopez

9: Toward a Science of Mental Health
Corey L. M. Keyes

10: Measuring the Dynamics of Positive Human Health: From Covariance Systems to Dynamic Structures
Anthony D. Ong & Alex J. Zautra

11: Positive Ethics
Mitchell M. Handelsman, Samuel Knapp, Michael C. Gottlieb

Part 3: Positive Psychology Across the Lifespan

12: Resilience in Development
Ann S. Masten, J. J. Cutili, Janette E. Herbers, & Marie-Gabrielle J. Reed

13: Positive Psychology for Children and Adolescents: Development, Prevention, and Promotion
Keri J. Brown Kirschman, Rebecca J. Johnson, Jade A. Bender, & Michael C. Roberts

14: The Positive Youth Development Perspective: Theoretical and Empirical Bases of a Strengths-Based Approach to Adolescent Development
Richard M. Lerner

15: Aging Well in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities
Gail W. Williamson & Julie Christie

16: New Territories of Positive Lifespan Developments: Wisdom and Life Longings
Susanne Scheibe, Ute Kunzmann, & Paul B. Baltes

Part 4: Emotional Approaches

17: Subjective Well-Being: The Science of Happiness and Life Satisfaction
Ed Diener, Shigehiro Oishi, & Richard E. Lucas

18: Flow Theory and Research
Jeanne Nakamura & Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

19: Positive Affectivity: The Disposition to Experience Positive Emotional States
David Watson & Kristin Naragon

20: The Social Construction of Self-Esteem
John P. Hewitt

21: Coping Through Emotional Approach: Emerging Evidence for the Utility of Processing and Expressing Emotions in Responding to Stressors
Annette L. Stanton, Sarah J. Sullivan, & Jennifer L. Austenfeld

22: The Positive Psychology of Emotional Intelligence
Peter Salovey, John D. Mayer, David Caruso, & Seung Hee You

23: Emotional Creativity: Toward James Averill

Part 5: Cognitive Approaches

24: Creativity
Dean Keith Simonton

25: The Role of Personal Control in Adaptive Functioning
Suzanne Thompson

26: Mindfulness vs. Personal Evaluation
Ellen Langer

27: Perspectives on Time
Ilona Boniwell

28: Optimism
Charles S. Carver, Michael F. Scheier, Christopher J. Miller, & Daniel Fulford

29: Optimistic Explanatory Style
Christopher Peterson & Tracy A. Steen

30: Hope Theory
Kevin L. Rand & Jennifer S. Cheavens

31: Self-Efficacy, The Power of Believing You Can
James E. Maddux

32: Problem-Solving Appraisal and Psychological Adjustment
P. Paul Heppner & Dong-gwi Lee

33: Self-Determination
Michael L. Wehmeyer, Todd D. Little, & Julie Sergeant

34: Curiosity and Interest: The Benefits of Thriving on Novelty and Challenge
Todd B. Kashdan & Paul J. Silvia

35: Courage
Cynthia Pury & Shane J. Lopez

Part 6: Interpersonal Approaches

36: Relationship Connection: A Redux on the Role of Minding and the Quality of Feeling Special in the Enhancement of Closeness
John Harvey & Brian Pauwels

37: Compassion
Eric J. Cassell

38: Adult Attachment Security: The Relational Scaffolding of Positive Psychology
Frederick G. Lopez

39: Empathy and Altruism
C. Daniel Batson, Nadia Ahmad, & David A. Lishner

40: Forgiveness
Michael E. McCullough, Lindsey M. Root, Benjamin A. Tabak, Charlotte Witvliet

41: Furthering the Science of Gratitude
Philip Watkins, Michael Van Gelder, & Araceli Fias

42: Love
Clyde Hendrick & Susan S. Hendrick

43: For RicherELIn Good TimesELand In Health: Positive Process in Relationships
Natalya C. Maisel & Shelly L. Gable

Part 7: Self-Based Approaches

44: What's Positive About Self-Verification?
Rebecca J. North & William B. Swann, Jr.

45: Reality Negotiation
Raymond L. Higgins & Matthew W. Gallagher

46: Humility
June Tangney

47: The Motive for Distinctiveness: Identity Construction in a Cultural Context
Vivian L. Vignoles

Part 8: Biological Approaches

48: A Role of Neuropsychology in Understanding the Facilitating Influence of Positive Affect on Social Behavior and Cognitive Processes
Alice M. Isen

49: Toward a Biology of Social Support
Sally S. Dickerson & Peggy M. Zoccola

50: The Central Role of the Heart in Generating and Sustaining Positive Emotions
Rollin McCraty & Robert A. Rees

51: Toughness
Richard A. Dienstbier & Lisa M. Pytlik Zillig

Part 9: Positive Institutions

52: Family-Centered Positive Psychology
Susan M. Sheridan & Jennifer D. Burt

53: Positive Schools
E. Scott Huebner; Rich Gilman, Amy L. Reschly, & Russell Hall

54: Positive Psychology on Campus
Laurie A. Schreiner, Eileen Hulme, Roderick Hetzel, & Shane J. Lopez

55: Positive Workplaces
Fred Luthans & Carolyn M. Youssef

56: Positive Institutions, Law, and Policy
Peter H. Huang & Jeremy A. Blumenthal

Part 10: Specific Coping Approaches

57: Meditation and Positive Psychology
Shauna L. Shapiro

58: Spirituality: The Search for the Sacred
Kenneth I. Pargament & Annette Mahoney

59: Sharing One's Story: On the Benefits of Writing or Talking About Emotional Experiences
Kate G. Neiderhoffer & James W. Pennebaker

60: Benefit-Finding and Growth
Suzanne C. Lechner, Howard Tennen, & Glenn Affleck

61: Making Sense of Loss, Perceiving Benefits, and Posttraumatic Growth
Christopher G. Davis & Susan Nolen-Hoeksema

62: Happiness, Resilience, and Positive Growth via Physical Disability: Issues for Understanding, Research, and Therapeutic Intervention
Dana S. Dunn, Gitendra Uswatte, & Timothy Elliott

Part 11: Toward Better Lives

63: The Promise of Sustainable Happiness
Julia Boehm & Sonya Lyubomirsky

64: Meaning in Life
Michael F. Steger

65: The Future of Positive Psychology: Pursuing Three Big Goals
Shane J. Lopez

The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology

Second Edition

Edited by Shane J. Lopez and C. R. Snyder

Oxford Library of Psychology

Author Information

Shane J. Lopez, Ph.D., is Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Research in Education, University of Kansas.

C.R. Snyder, Ph.D., was Wright Distinguished Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Kansas.

Contributors:

GLENN AFFLECK
Department of Community Medicine and Health Care
University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT

NADIA AHMAD
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

JENNIFER L. AUSTENFELD
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

JAMES R. AVERILL
Department of Psychology
University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA

PAUL B. BALTES
Max Planck Institute for Human Development
Berlin, Germany

C. DANIEL BATSON
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

JADE A. BENDER
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

JEREMY A. BLUMENTHAL
College of Law
Syracuse University
Syracuse, NY

JULIA K. BOEHM
Department of Psychology
University of California, Riverside
Riverside, CA

ILONA BONIWELL
School of Psychology
University of East London
London, England

JENNIFER BURT
Department of Educational Psychology
University of Nebraska
Lincoln, NE

DAVID CARUSO
Work-Life Strategies
New Canaan, CT

CHARLES S. CARVER
Department of Psychology
University of Miami
Miami, FL

ERIC J. CASSELL
Weill Medical College
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY

JENNIFER S. CHEAVENS
Department of Psychology
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH

JULIE CHRISTIE
Department of Psychology
The University of Georgia
Athens, GA

MICHAEL A. COHN
School Psychology Program
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI

MIHALY CSIKSZENTMIHALYI
Drucker Graduate School of Management
Claremont Graduate University
Claremont, CA

J. J. CUTILI
Institute of Child Development
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN

CHRISTOPHER G. DAVIS
Department of Psychology
Carleton University
Northfield, MN

SALLY S. DICKERSON
Department of Psychology & Social Behavior
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, CA

ED DIENER
Department of Psychology
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Champaign, IL

RICHARD A. DIENSTBIER
Department of Psychology
University of Nebraska
Lincoln, NE

DANA S. DUNN
Department of Psychology
Moravian College
Bethlehem, PA

LISA M. EDWARDS
Department of Counseling & Educational Psychology
Marquette University
Milwaukee, WI

TIMOTHY R. ELLIOT
Department of Educational Psychology
Texas A&M University
College Station, TX

BARBARA L. FREDRICKSON
Department of Psychology
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC

ARACELI FRIAS
Department of Psychology
Eastern Washington University
Cheney, WA

DANIEL FULFORD
Department of Psychology
University of Miami
Miami, FL

SHELLY L. GABLE
Department of Psychology
University of California, Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA

MATTHEW W. GALLAGHER
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

RICH GILMAN
Department of Pediatrics
University of Cincinnati
Cincinnati, OH

MICHAEL C. GOTTLIEB
Private Practice
Dallas, TX

RUSSELL HALL
Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology
University of Kentucky
Lexington, KY

MITCHELL M. HANDELSMAN
Department of Psychology
University of Colorado at Denver
Denver, CO

SUSAN HARRINGTON
School of Psychology
University of Leicester
Leicester, England

JOHN H. HARVEY
Department of Psychology
University of Iowa
Iowa City, IA

CLYDE HENDRICK
Department of Psychology
Texas Tech University
College Station, TX

SUSAN HENDRICK
Department of Psychology
Texas Tech University
College Station, TX

P. PAUL HEPPNER
Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology
University of Missouri
Columbia, MO

JANETTE E. HERBERS
Institute of Child Development
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN

RODERICK HETZEL
Staff Psychologist
Baylor University
Waco, TX

JOHN P. HEWITT
Department of Sociology
University of Massachusetts
Amherst, MA

RAYMOND L. HIGGINS
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

PETER H. HUANG
James Beasley Law School
Temple University
Philadelphia, PA

E. SCOTT HUEBNER
Department of Psychology
University of South Carolina
Columbia, SC
EILEEN HULME
Department of Doctoral Higher Education
Azusa Pacific University
Azusa, CA

ALICE M. ISEN
Johnson Graduate School of Management
Department of Psychology
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY

REBECCA J. JOHNSON
Department of Pediatrics
University of Missouri-Kansas City
Kansas City, MO

STEPHEN JOSEPH
School of Sociology & Social Policy
University of Nottingham
Nottingham, England

TODD B. KASHDAN
Department of Psychology
George Mason University
Fairfax, VA

COREY L. M. KEYES
Department of Sociology
Emory University
Atlanta, GA

KERI J. BROWN KIRSCHMAN
Department of Psychology
University of Dayton
Dayton, OH

SAMUEL KNAPP
Pennsylvania Psychological Association
Harrisburg, PA

UTE KUNZMANN
Department of Psychology
University of Leipzig
Leipzig, Germany

ELLEN J. LANGER
Department of Psychology
Harvard University
Cambridge, MA

SUZANNE C. LECHNER
Department of Psychiatry
University of Miami
Miami, FL

DONG-GWI LEE
Department of Psychology
Yonsei University
Seoul, Korea

RICHARD LERNER
Institute for Applied Research in Youth Development
Tufts University
Medford, MA

P. ALEX LINLEY
Centre for Applied Positive Psychology
Coventry, England

DAVID A. LISHNER
Department of Psychology
University of Wisconsin Oshkosh
Oshkosh, WI

TODD D. LITTLE
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

FREDERICK G. LOPEZ
Department of Educational Psychology
University of Houston
Houston, TX

SHANE J. LOPEZ
Clifton Strengths Institute
Omaha, NE

RICHARD E. LUCAS
Department of Psychology
Michigan State University
East Lansing, MI

FRED LUTHANS
College of Business Administration
University of Nebraska
Lincoln, NE

SONJA LYUBOMIRSKY
Department of Psychology
University of California, Riverside
Riverside, CA

JAMES E. MADDUX
Department of Psychology
George Mason University
Fairfax, VA

ANNETTE MAHONEY
Department of Psychology
Bowling Green State University
Bowling Green, OH

NATALYA C. MAISEL
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

JOHN MALTBY
School of Psychology
University of Leicester
Leicester, England

ANN S. MASTEN
Institute of Child Development
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN

JOHN D. MAYER
Department of Psychology
University of New Hampshire
Durham, NH

MICHAEL M. MCCULLOUGH
Department of Psychology
University of Miami
Miami, FL

ROLLIN MCCRATY
Institute of HeartMath
Boulder Creek, CA

CHRISTOPHER J. MILLER
Department of Psychology
University of Miami
Miami, FL

PEGGY J. MYCEK
Department of Psychology & Social Behavior
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, CA

JEANNE NAKAMURA
School of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences
Claremont Graduate University
Claremont, CA

KRISTIN NARAGON
Department of Psychology
University of Iowa
Iowa City, IA

KATE G. NIEDERHOFFER
The Dachis Corporation
Austin, TX

SUSAN NOLEN-HOEKSEMA
Department of Psychology
Yale University
New Haven, CT

REBECCA J. NORTH
Department of Psychology
University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX

SHIGEHIRO OISHI
Department of Psychology
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, VA

ANTHONY D. ONG
Department of Human Development
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY

KENNETH I. PARGAMENT
Department of Psychology
Bowling Green State University
Bowling Green, OH

NANSOOK PARK
Department of Psychology
University of Rhode Island
Kingston, RI

BRIAN G. PAUWELS
Department of Psychology
Doane College
Crete, NE

JENNIFER TERAMOTO PEDROTTI
Department of Psychology
California Polytechnic State University
San Luis Obispo, CA

JAMES W. PENNEBAKER
Department of Psychology
University of Texas, Austin
Austin, TX

CHRISTOPHER PETERSON
Department of Psychology
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI

CYNTHIA L. S. PURY
Department of Psychology
Clemson University
Clemson, SC

KEVIN L. RAND
Department of Psychology
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
Indianapolis, IN

AMY RESCHLY
Department of Educational Psychology & Instructional Technology
University of Georgia
Athens, GA

MARIE-GABRIELLE J. REED
Hennepin County Medical Center
Minneapolis, MN

ROBERT A. REES
Institute of HeartMath
Boulder Creek, CA

MICHAEL C. ROBERTS
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

LINDSEY M. ROOT
Department of Psychology
University of Miami
Miami, FL

PETER SALOVEY
Department of Psychology
Yale University
New Haven, CT

SUSANNE SCHEIBE
Department of Psychology
Stanford University
Stanford, CA

MICHAEL F. SCHEIER
Department of Psychology
Carnegie-Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA

LAURIE A. SCHREINER
Department of Doctoral Higher Education
Azusa Pacific University
Azusa, CA

JULIE SERGEANT
School of Social Welfare
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

SHAUNA SHAPIRO
Department of Counseling Psychology
Santa Clara University
Santa Clara, CA

SUSAN M. SHERIDAN
Department of Educational Psychology
University of Nebraska
Lincoln, NE

PAUL J. SILVIA
Department of Psychology
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
Greensboro, NC

DEAN KEITH SIMONTON
Department of Psychology
University of California, Davis
Davis, CA

C. R. SNYDER
Department of Psychology
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

ANNETTE L. STANTON
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

TRACY A. STEEN
Charles O'Brien Center for Addiction Treatment
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA

MICHAEL F. STEGER
Department of Psychology
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO

SARAH J. SULLIVAN
Department of Psychology
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA

WILLIAM B. SWANN JR.
Department of Psychology
University of Texas at Austin
Austin, TX

BENJAMIN A. TABAK
Department of Psychology
University of Miami
Miami, FL

JUNE PRICE TANGNEY
Department of Psychology
George Mason University
Fairfax, VA

HOWARD TENNEN
Department of Community Medicine and Health Care
University of Connecticut
Storrs, CT

SUZANNE C. THOMPSON
Department of Psychology
Pomona College
Pomona, CA

GITENDRA USWATTE
Department of Psychology
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, AL

MICHAEL VAN GELDER
Department of Psychology
Eastern Washington University
Cheney, WA

VIVIAN L. VIGNOLES
Department of Psychology
University of Sussex
Sussex, England

PHILIP C. WATKINS
Department of Psychology
Eastern Washington University
Cheney, WA

DAVID WATSON
Department of Psychology
University of Iowa
Iowa City, IA

MICHAEL L. WEHMEYER
Department of Special Education
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

GAIL M. WILLIAMSON
Department of Psychology
University of Georgia
Athens, GA

CHARLOTTE WITVLIET
Department of Psychology
Hope College
Holland, MI

ALEX M. WOOD
Department of Psychology
University of Warwick
Coventry, England

BEATRICE WRIGHT
University of Kansas
Lawrence, KS

SEUNG HEE YOO
Department of Psychology
Yale University
New Haven, CT

CAROLYN M. YOUSSEF
College of Business
Bellevue University
Bellevue, NE

ALEX J. ZAUTRA
Department of Psychology
Arizona State University
Tempe, AZ

LISA M. PYTLIK ZILLIG

Department of Psychology
University of Nebraska
Lincoln, NE

PEGGY M. ZOCCOLA
Department of Psychology
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, CA