Standing Their Ground

Small Farmers in North Carolina since the Civil War

Adrienne Monteith Petty

Analyzes black and white small farm owners as a single class, challenging the tendency to let ideology of race interfere with our understanding of the past. While racism did shape white farmers self-perception of class, racism and antidemocratic structure of Jim Crow society affected all southern farmers.
The book joins a number of recent studies in focusing on small farm owners in the South.
The book offers one of the first analyses of the farm provisions of the GI Bill.
While most studies of southern agriculture and society focus on either the 19th or 20th century, this study bridges the divide between the two, revealing that the southern yeomanry did not trail off with the defeat of the Populist insurgency of the late nineteenth century.

Standing Their Ground

Small Farmers in North Carolina since the Civil War

Adrienne Monteith Petty

Description

The transformation of agriculture was one of the most far-reaching developments of the modern era. In analyzing how and why this change took place in the United States, scholars have most often focused on Midwestern family farmers, who experienced the change during the first half of the twentieth century, and southern sharecroppers, swept off the land by forces beyond their control.

Departing from the conventional story, this book focuses on small farm owners in North Carolina from the post-Civil War era to the post-Civil Rights era. It reveals that the transformation was more protracted and more contested than historians have understood it to be. Even though the number of farm owners gradually declined over the course of the century, the desire to farm endured among landless farmers, who became landowners during key moments of opportunity. Moreover, this book departs from other studies by considering all farm owners as a single class, rejecting the widespread approach of segregating black farm owners. The violent and restrictive political culture of Jim Crow regime, far from only affecting black farmers, limited the ability of all farmers to resist changes in agriculture.

By the 1970s, the vast reduction in the number of small farm owners had simultaneously destroyed a Southern yeomanry that had been the symbol of American democracy since the time of Thomas Jefferson, rolled back gains in landownership that families achieved during the first half century after the Civil War, and remade the rural South from an agrarian society to a site of global agribusiness.

Standing Their Ground

Small Farmers in North Carolina since the Civil War

Adrienne Monteith Petty

Contents

Map of Southeastern North Carolina

Introduction

Chapter 1: On Their Farms and Among Their Pines: The Lower Cape Fear on the Eve of the Civil War

Chapter 2: Land for the Poor: The Rise of Small Farm Owners in the Age of Commercial Agriculture

Chapter 3: Keep the Stock Law Off Of Us: Defending the Open Range

Chapter 4: You Can't Eat Tobacco: The Politics of Self Sufficiency

Chapter 5: The Right of the Little Man to Live: Small Farm Owners and the Agricultural Adjustment Act

Chapter 6: From Foxholes to Farms: The GI Bill and the Enduring Agrarian Ideal

Chapter 7: Nice Work If You Can Get It: Small Farm Owners and Part-Time Work

Chapter 8: These Catastrophe Days: Federal Farm Policy During the 1950s

Chapter 9: Nailing the Small Farmer in the Coffin: The Politics of Tobacco and the Agrarian Ideal

Conclusion

Bibliography

Notes

Index