Managing and Analyzing Pesticide Use Data for Pest Management, Environmental Monitoring, Public Health, and Public Policy

Edited by Minghua Zhang, Scott Jackson, Mark A. Robertson, and Michael R. Zeiss

ACS Symposium Series

Inspires researchers and the public to utilize pesticide use data in diverse fields including pest management, environmental monitoring, public health, and public policy
Furthers the science of pesticide use

Managing and Analyzing Pesticide Use Data for Pest Management, Environmental Monitoring, Public Health, and Public Policy

Edited by Minghua Zhang, Scott Jackson, Mark A. Robertson, and Michael R. Zeiss

Description

The purpose of this book is to share with a wider public the fascinating insights derived from pesticide use data. The book also provides an overview of the systems used to gather and manage these data. The ultimate goal is to inspire researchers and the public to utilize pesticide use data in diverse fields including pest management, environmental monitoring, public health, and public policy. Most pesticide use surveys are aggregated at a geographic scale larger than the county level (e.g., state). However, the quality of this type of use data can vary greatly. Further, detailed usage information based on market surveys is not available for every type of pesticide use, though it is generally available for most crop uses. First-order risk assessment typically assumes that any registered product would be used at the maximum labeled rate, and the maximum number of allowable times per season or year. Though intended to protect against worst-case scenarios, this approach might lead to an overestimation of real-world risks.

This first-order assessment is helpful as a screen, but resources may be wasted evaluating the impact of a product in a region where it is used only rarely, if at all. To incorporate real-world use patterns into risk assessments, one approach is to use data on where a particular pesticide has been sold. All pesticide manufacturers have a basic idea of where their products are being sold, but these data are often imprecise because of distributor sales networks that buy in bulk and redistribute product. In order to understand the markets they work in, manufacturers have used companies that survey end-users, because their own sales networks cannot provide detailed information.
In an effort to further the science of pesticide use, this book explains the systems used for managing pesticide use data, and presents a selection of the compelling questions that have been investigated using that data.

Managing and Analyzing Pesticide Use Data for Pest Management, Environmental Monitoring, Public Health, and Public Policy

Edited by Minghua Zhang, Scott Jackson, Mark A. Robertson, and Michael R. Zeiss

ACS Symposium Series

Preface .............................................................................................................................. xi
Acknowledgment ............................................................................................................ xv
1. History of Pesticide Use Reporting in California .................................................. 3
Larry Wilhoit
2. The Infrastructure of California’s Pesticide Use Reporting Program .............. 15
Nino Yanga and Kimberly Steinmann
3. Data Quality Assessment within the Pesticide Use Database ............................. 31
Larry Wilhoit
4. The Maintenance and Use of California’s School Pesticide Use Report ........... 77
Eric Denemark
5. Pesticide Use Reporting Data in Pesticide Regulation and Policy: The
California Experience ........................................................................................... 97
Nino Yanga, Pamela Wofford, Christopher DeMars, Emily Bryson, Nathan Desjarlais,
and Kimberly Steinmann
6. The Extensive Use of Pesticide Use Report (PUR) Data in Scholarly
Scientific Research ............................................................................................... 115
Michael L. Grieneisen and Minghua Zhang
7. Patterns of Fumigant Use in California Grapes ................................................ 133
D. A. Downie
8. Recent Developments in the Registration and Usage of Botanical Pesticides
in California .......................................................................................................... 149
Michael L. Grieneisen and Murray B. Isman
9. Spatio-Temporal Analyses of Pesticide Use on Walnuts and Potential Risks
to Surface Water in California ............................................................................ 171
Huajin Chen, Yu Zhan, Michael L. Grieneisen, and Minghua Zhang
10. The Impact of Integrated Pest Management and Regulation on Agricultural
Pesticide Use in California .................................................................................. 203
Lynn Epstein and Minghua Zhang
11. Employing California Pesticide Use Data for Evaluating Integrated Pest
Management Programs and Informing Pesticide Policy and Regulation ....... 225
Amanda Crump, James Farrar, Alfred J. Fournier, and Peter C. Ellsworth
12. Implementing Pesticide Use Data and GIS To Improve Treated Area
Estimates in Agricultural and Residential Exposure Assessments ................. 241
Nathan Snyder and Michael Winchell
13. Refined Processing of Pesticide Use Reports for Use in Data Analysis
Conducted by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation's Air
Program ................................................................................................................ 285
Kelsey Craig, Edgar Vidrio, Pam Wofford, and Randy Segawa
14. Methodology for Prioritizing Pesticides for Surface Water Monitoring in
Agricultural and Urban Areas of California ..................................................... 307
Yuzhou Luo, Xin Deng, Michael Ensminger, and Robert Budd
15. Applications of the California Pesticide Use Reporting Database in More
than 25 Years of U.S. Geological Survey Hydrological Studies ....................... 323
Joseph Domagalski and James Orlando
16. Tiered Approaches in Analyzing Rice Field Pesticide Fate and Transport
for Ecological Risk Assessment ........................................................................... 347
Ruoyu Wang, Yongping Yuan, Yuzhou Luo, Ann Pitchford, Ronald L. Bingner,
Debra Denton, Haw Yen, and Minghua Zhang
17. Potential Pesticide Use Risks to Honeybees during Almond Pollination in
California .............................................................................................................. 379
Minghua Zhang, Jonathan Ackerman, Michael L. Grieneisen, and
Christopher DeMars
18. A Simplified Approach to Using Pesticide Use Reporting To Prioritize
Pesticide Risk in California's National Parks ................................................... 405
Erik W. Meyer and Christopher DeMars
19. Pesticide Use Data and the Distribution of Acute Illness Episodes: The
Promise and Challenges of Geoinformatics ....................................................... 431
Gregory Wroblicky, Lucia S. Graham, Emilie M. Schneider, Jasmeen Pabla,
Emily Bryson, Pamela E. Driggers, and Michael R. Zeiss
20. Economic and Pest Management Analysis of Proposed Pesticide
Regulations ........................................................................................................... 463
John Steggall, Steve Blecker, Rachael Goodhue, Karen Klonsky, Kevi Mace, and
Robert Van Steenwyk
21. PURwebGIS: A Web Application for Query and Analysis of Pesticide Use
Report (PUR) Data ............................................................................................... 495
Christopher DeMars and Minghua Zhang
22. Pesticide Use Risk Evaluation (PURE), a Self-Evaluation Tool of Pesticide
Use ......................................................................................................................... 517
Yu Zhan and Minghua Zhang
23. Comparisons of Analytic Methodologies for Correct Analysis of Pesticide
Use Data ................................................................................................................ 535
Kimberly Steinmann
24. Recommendations for Future Improvements to the Pesticide Use Data and
Database Integration ............................................................................................ 559
Minghua Zhang, Scott Jackson, Mark A. Robertson, and Michael R. Zeiss
Editors' Biographies .................................................................................................... 563
Indexes
Author Index ................................................................................................................ 567
Subject Index ................................................................................................................ 569

Managing and Analyzing Pesticide Use Data for Pest Management, Environmental Monitoring, Public Health, and Public Policy

Edited by Minghua Zhang, Scott Jackson, Mark A. Robertson, and Michael R. Zeiss

ACS Symposium Series

Author Information

Edited by Minghua Zhang, Edited by Scott Jackson, Edited by Mark A. Robertson, and Edited by Michael R. Zeiss

Dr. Minghua Zhang is a professor at University of California, Davis in the Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, and a research scientist at the California Department of Pesticide Regulation. Her main research interests include GIS applications and watershed modeling to address questions in pest management and environmental impacts of pesticide use, especially in water quality. Dr. Zhang has published over 160 peer-reviewed articles. For her career contributions to agricultural science, Dr. Zhang was honored as a Fellow of the American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America. Dr. Scott H. Jackson is a Senior Manager for Valent LLC in Dublin California. He has worked in Industry for more than 30 years in various technical capacities. In his role in the Stewardship group, he has focused on stewardship questions that involve exposure modeling, environmental fate, and analytical chemistry. Dr. Jackson is active member of the American Chemical Society and currently serves as

the AGRO Division Chair. He has organized many ACS symposia on topics ranging from environmental fate and exposure to application technology. Scott acts as a reviewer for several journals and has authored/coauthored more than 30 refereed publications. Dr. Mark Robertson earned a PhD in Molecular Biology & Genetics from the University of Oregon, Institute of Molecular Biology and the Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France studying insect immunology and later received research appointments in insect vector biology and pest management from the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Laramie WY, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, and the University of California, Riverside, CA. Dr. Robertson has since been working for the Department of Pesticide Regulation for 13 years supervising the IPM Research and Alliance grant programs which develop and promote adoption of integrated pest management systems. Dr. Michael Zeiss has a Ph.D. in entomology and a lifelong interest in reducing the

risks of pesticide use. For most of his career, he worked in support of small farmers in Africa, Asia, and Central America. This included two years with Peace Corps in Mauritania; four years as Associate Professor at Escuela Agrícola Panamericana in Honduras; and consultancies in Vietnam, Laos, and Nicaragua. After returning to California, he worked for ten years for the California Department of Pesticide Regulation, including three years as Food Safety Coordinator.