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Consultations in Infectious Disease

A Case Based Approach to Diagnosis and Management

Daniel Caplivski and W. Michael Scheld

Features numerous high-quality images and illustrations guiding diagnosis and case discussion
A highly practical guide covering current approaches and new developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of infectious diseases
Includes sections on community-acquired and healthcare-associated infections
Part of the new Oxford American Infectious Disease Library series

Consultations in Infectious Disease

A Case Based Approach to Diagnosis and Management

Daniel Caplivski and W. Michael Scheld

Description

Infectious diseases have plagued man throughout history. In the era of modern medicine antibiotics and vaccines brought the hope of liberation from the great scourges of smallpox, polio, and tuberculosis. Yet, in the ensuing decades as we hoped to close the book on infectious diseases, we have instead been confronted by wave upon wave of new assailants. AIDS, SARS, pandemic influenza, and multi-drug resistant bacteria demonstrated how our technological advances have either fallen short in halting or even enhanced the spread of emerging pathogens. International air travel has collapsed geographic boundaries that once confined tropical infections to distant latitudes. Novel forms of immunosuppression, advances in organ transplantation, and victories in the cancer wars have led to an ever-expanding population at risk for opportunistic infections. In this collection of illustrated cases we give a cross-sectional view of the growing challenges that face the infectious diseases consultant. The modern physician is empowered by high resolution imaging and molecular diagnostic techniques that confer diagnostic capabilities Osler could have only dreamed of. Nevertheless we continue to grapple with the timeless struggles illuminated by Pasteur, Koch, and Fleming between man and the microscopic organisms of the world.

Part of the new Oxford American Infectious Disease Library series, this book of illustrative cases will appeal to anyone working in a busy infectious diseases consultation service or practice including students, residents, fellows, faculty and other ID practitioners. Featuring numerous high-quality images and illustrations guiding diagnosis and case discussion, the handbook is meant to serve as a highly practical guide covering current approaches and new developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of a cross section of infectious diseases, including community-acquired and healthcare-associated infections.

Consultations in Infectious Disease

A Case Based Approach to Diagnosis and Management

Daniel Caplivski and W. Michael Scheld

1. Meningitis
Case 1a: Neisseria meningitidis meninigitis
Case 1b: Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis
Case 1c: Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis
Case 1d: Mycobacterium tuberculosis meningitis
Case 1e: Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis

2. Encephalitis and Myelopathy
Case 2a: Herpes simplex virus meningoencephalitis
Case 2b: Varicella zoster virus encephalitis
Case 2c: Acanthamoeba encephalitis
Case 2d: Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 myelopathy

3. Focal Central Nervous System Infections
Case 3a: Streptococcus intermedius brain abscess
Case 3b: Staphylococcus aureus epidural abscess
Case 3c: Nocardia farcinica epidural abscess
Case 3d: Neurocysticercosis
Case 3e: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

4. Ophthalmologic Infections
Case 4a: Pseudomonas keratitis
Case 4b: Treponema pallidum uveitis
Case 4c: Cytomegalovirus retinitis
Case 4d: Bartonella henselae retinitis
Case 4e: Streptococcus bovis endophthalmitis
Case 4f: Aspergillus fumigatus endophthalmitis
Case 4g: Immune reconstitution uveitis

5. Oropharyngeal and Sinus Infections
Case 5a: Ludwig's angina
Case 5b: Streptococcus pyogenes
Case 5c: Lemierre's syndrome
Case 5d: Mucormycosis

6. Pulmonary Infections in Immunocompetent Hosts
Case 6a: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Case 6b: Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Case 6c: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Case 6d: 2009 H1N1 Influenza
Case 6e: Histoplasma capsulatum

7. Pulmonary Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts
Case 7a: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Case 7b: Respiratory syncytial virus
Case 7c: Aspergillus fumigatus
Case 7d: Pneumocystis jiroveci
Case 7e: Nocardia asteroides
Case 7f: Legionella pneumophila

8. Cardiac Infections
Case 8a: Streptococcus constellatus endocarditis
Case 8b: Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis
Case 8c: Tuberculous pericarditis
Case 8d: Chagas disease

9. Gastrointestinal Infections
Case 9a: Clostridium difficile colitis
Case 9b: Gemella morbillorum liver abscess
Case 9c: Typhoid Fever
Case 9d: Echinocococcal cyst
Case 9e: Strongyloides stercoralis
Case 9f: Cytomegalovirus colitis

10. Urinary Tract Infections
Case 10a: Staphylococcus aureus pyelonephritis
Case 10b: BK virus hemorrhagic cystitis
Case 10c: KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
Case 10d: Prostatic abscess

11. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Case 11a: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection
Case 11b: Streptococcus agalactiae necrotizing fasciitis
Case 11c: Mycobacterium fortuitum
Case 11d: Sporothrix schenckii
Case 11e: Alternaria
Case 11f: Vaccinia virus infection
Case 11g: Acute Retroviral Syndrome

12. Bone and Joint Infections
Case 12a: Diabetic foot infections
Case 12b: Tuberculous osteomyelitis
Case 12c: Prosthetic joint infections
Case 12d: Neisseria meningitidis

13. Vector-borne Infections
Case 13a: Leishmaniasis
Case 13b: Plasmodium vivax malaria
Case 13c: Rickettsialpox
Case 13d: Babesiosis
Case 13e: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis

14. Non-infectious Syndromes that Mimic Infections
Case 14a: Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
Case 14b: Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia
Case 14c: Graft versus host disease
Case 14d: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease
Case 14e: Still's disease
Case 14f: Vancomycin-associated linear IgA bullous dermatosis

Index

Consultations in Infectious Disease

A Case Based Approach to Diagnosis and Management

Daniel Caplivski and W. Michael Scheld

Author Information

Daniel Caplivski, MD, is Director, Travel Medicine Program, and Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, at Mount Sinai School of Medicine.

W. Michael Scheld, MD, is Bayer-Gerald L. Mandell Professor of Infectious Diseases, Professor of Internal Medicine, Clinical Professor of Neurosurgery, and Director of Pfizer Initiative in International Health at the University of Virginia.

Contributors:

Mary Beth Beasley, MD
Associate Professor of Pathology
Head, Pulmonary Pathology
Mount Sinai Medical Center
New York, NY

Nicole Bouvier, MD
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

David P. Calfee, MD, MS
Chief Hospital Epidemiologist
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College
New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell
New York, NY

Rachel Chasan, MD, MPH
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Najah I. Doka, MD, MPH
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health
Department of Medicine
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, VA

Joshua D. Dowell, MD, PhD
Resident Physician, Department of Radiology
University of Virginia Health Systems
Charlottesville, VA

Joshua C. Eby, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine
Division of Infectious Disease and International Health
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, VA

Daniel Seth Fierer, MD
Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Michael M. Gaisa, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Jeffrey Gumprecht, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Marco Harmaty MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Department of Surgery
Division of Plastic Surgery
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Shirish Huprikar, MD
Director, Transplant Infectious Diseases Program
Associate Professor, Department of Medicine
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Jennifer Jao, MD, MPH
Clinical Instructor, Department of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Luciano Kapelusznik, MD
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Robert S. Klein, MD
Professor, Department of Medicine
Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Ronni Lieberman, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Michael H. Lief, MD
Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Amy Mathers, MD
Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health
Medical Director Antimicrobial Stewardship
University of Virginia School of Medicine
Charlottesville, VA

Stephen E. Mercer, MD, PhD
Fellow, Division of Dermatopathology
Department of Pathology
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Michael P. Mullen, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Florence Nana, MD
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health
Department of Medicine
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, VA

Gopi Patel, MD
Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Rupa Rajesh Patel, MD
Adjunct Faculty, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Sean Pawlowski, MD
Colorado Infectious Disease Associates
Denver, CO

Robert G. Phelps, MD
Director, Division of Dermatopathology
Professor, Departments of Dermatology and Pathology
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Marion-Anna Protano, MD
Resident Physician, Department of Medicine
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Meenakshi Mehrotra Rana, MD
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Lindsey Reese, MD
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Keith Sigel, MD
Clinical Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Irini Scordi-Bello, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Nancy Sun, MD
Resident Physician, Department of Ophthalmology
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Mahesh Swaminathan, MD
Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA

Katherine Zamecki, MD
Resident Physician, Department of Ophthalmology
Mount Sinai School of Medicine
New York, NY

Chad Zatezalo, MD
Oculoplastics and Facial Reconstruction Fellow
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
University of Miami Health System
Miami, FL