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Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials

Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Edited by Daniel B. Fishman, Stanley B. Messer, David J.A. Edwards, and Frank M. Dattilio

Utilizes a mixed-methods approach to psychotherapy research
Presents RCT projects from which good-outcome and poor-outcome clients are drawn from the experimental condition of the RCT for systematic case study analysis
Focuses on the "value added" by looking at the same psychotherapy data from a group-focused RCT perspective and from an individual-focused case study perspective
Synthesizes two types of knowledge about psychotherapy that come from contrasting epistemological traditions

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials

Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Edited by Daniel B. Fishman, Stanley B. Messer, David J.A. Edwards, and Frank M. Dattilio

Description

Much has been written about the basic incompatibility of the dominant quantitative research model in psychotherapy and the qualitative preferences of the practitioner community providing psychotherapy. Researchers and clinicians are at odds over the most valuable type of knowledge needed: that emerging from quantitative, experimental research versus that from qualitative, case-based practice, respectively.

Recently, a number of emerging research methods have attempted to bridge and integrate these two approaches. Case Studies within Psychotherapy Trials is one such effort and significantly furthers the synergy between them. The volume provides a comprehensive illustration of the "cases-within-trials" (CWT) model of research. Quantitative findings from four randomized clinical trials (RCT) are synthesized with qualitative and quantitative findings from systematic case studies of successful and unsuccessful clients representatively drawn from each RCT.

The book opens with the history of dialectic and political controversy in psychotherapy research and recent initiatives to bridge the differing perspectives. The RCT and case study projects follow, each commented on by outside experts. In the final chapter the editors compare and contrast the separate projects and draw insightful, impactful conclusions. By bringing together quantitative, natural scientific perspectives on research and qualitative, interpretative understandings and strategies, the chapter authors demonstrate how practitioners can be meaningfully included in future psychotherapy research. This book will be of great interest to psychotherapy researchers and practitioners and those interested in research methods in the behavioral sciences more generally.

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials

Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Edited by Daniel B. Fishman, Stanley B. Messer, David J.A. Edwards, and Frank M. Dattilio

Preface and Acknowledgments
About the Editors
Contributors

PART 1. INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1. The Terrain
Daniel B. Fishman and David J.A. Edwards

Chapter 2. Navigating the Projects
Daniel B. Fishman

PART II: THE PROJECTS

Chapter 3. "Cool Kids/Chilled Adolescents": Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Youth With Anxiety Disorders in Denmark
Mikael Thastum, Irene Lundkvist-Houndoumadi, Kristian Bech Arendt, Silke Stjerneklar and Daniel B. Fishman

Commentary: International Implementation: Universal Principles Meet Local Needs
Lauren J. Hoffman, Elaina A. Zendegui, and Brian C. Chu

Chapter 4. The Efficacy of Interpersonal Psychotherapy - Adolescent Skills Training (IPT-AST) in Preventing Depression
Sarah S. Kerner and Jami F. Young

Commentary: Identifying Moderators of Change from Both RCTs and Case Studies
Laura J. Dietz

Chapter 5. Transference-Focused Psychotherapy for Adult Borderline Personality Disorder
Kenneth N. Levy, Kevin B. Meehan, Tracy L. Clouthier, Frank E. Yeomans, Mark F. Lenzenweger, John F. Clarkin, and Otto F. Kernberg

Commentary: Complementarity and Clinical Implications in Using a Mixed Methods Approach
William E. Piper and Carlos A. Sierra Hernandez

Chapter 6. Motivational Enhancement Therapy for Increasing Antidepressant Medication Adherence and Decreasing Clinical Depression Among Adult Latinos
Alejandro Interian, Ariana Prawda, Daniel B. Fishman, and William M. Buerger

Commentary: The Best of Both Worlds
John C. Norcross

PART III: REFLECTIONS AND NEXT STEPS

Chapter 7. An Outside Perspective
Harold Chui, Sarah Bloch-Elkouby, and Jacques P. Barber

Chapter 8. Themes and Lessons Learned
Daniel B. Fishman, Stanley B. Messer, David J.A. Edwards, and Frank Dattilio

Index

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials

Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Edited by Daniel B. Fishman, Stanley B. Messer, David J.A. Edwards, and Frank M. Dattilio

Author Information

Daniel B. Fishman, PhD, is Professor of Clinical Psychology at the Rutgers Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology. He is the founder and editor-in-chief of the peer-reviewed, quarterly, online journal Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy.

Stanley B. Messer, PhD, is Dean of the Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology at Rutgers University. He has published extensively on the application of psychodynamic theory and research to the brief and integrative therapies and on the issue of evidence-based practice.

David J.A. Edwards, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Psychology at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa (part time). He has been writing on case study research methodology in clinical psychology since 1990 and is a well-known schema therapist.

Frank M. Dattilio, PhD, ABPP, is a teaching associate in psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and maintains a part-time faculty position with the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is known for his work in cognitive-behavioral couple and family therapy.

Contributors:

Kristian Bech Arendt, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences,
Aarhus University
Aarhus, Denmark

Jacques P. Barber, Ph.D.
Gordon F. Derner Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies
Adelphi University
Garden City, NY

Sarah Bloch-Elkouby, M.S.
Gordon F. Derner Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies
Adelphi University
Garden City, NY

William M. Buerger, Psy.M.
Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology
Rutgers University-New Brunswick
Piscataway, NJ

Brian C. Chu, Ph.D.
Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology
Rutgers University-New Brunswick
Piscataway, NJ

Harold Chui, Ph.D.
Gordon F. Derner Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies
Adelphi University
Garden City, NY

John F. Clarkin, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry
Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University
New York, New York

Tracy L. Clouthier, M.S.
Department of Psychology
Pennsylvania State University
University Park, PA

Frank M. Dattilio, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA, and
Department of Psychiatry
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA

Laura J. Dietz, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown
Johnstown, PA

David J.A. Edwards
Department of Psychology
Rhodes University
Grahamstown, South Africa, and
Department of Psychiatry
University of Cape Town
Cape Town, South Africa

Daniel B. Fishman
Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology
Rutgers University-New Brunswick
Piscataway, NJ

Carlos A. Sierra Hernandez, M.S.
Department of Psychology
Simon Fraser University
Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

Lauren J. Hoffman, Psy.M.
Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology
Rutgers University-New Brunswick
Piscataway, NJ

Alejandro Interian, Ph.D.
Mental Health & Behavioral Sciences
VA New Jersey Health Care System
Lyons, New Jersey

Otto F. Kernberg, M.D.
Department of Psychiatry
Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University
New York, New York

Sarah Kerner, Psy.D.
Department of Pediatric Psychiatry
Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York Presbyterian/Columbia
University Medical Center
New York, NY

Mark F. Lenzenweger, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
The State University of New York at Binghamton
Binghamton, NY

Kenneth N. Levy
Department of Psychology
Pennsylvania State University
University Park, PA

Irene Lundkvist-Houndoumadi, Ph.D.
Private Practice
Copenhagen, Denmark

Kevin B. Meehan, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
LIU-Brooklyn
Brooklyn, NY

Stanley B. Messer
Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology
Rutgers University-New Brunswick
Piscataway, NJ

John C. Norcross, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
University of Scranton
Scranton, PA

William E. Piper, Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Ariana Prawda, Psy.D.
Private Practice
Alexandria, VA

Silke Stjerneklar, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences
Aarhus University
Aarhus, Denmark

Mikael Thastum, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences,
Aarhus University
Aarhus, Denmark

Frank E. Yeomans, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Psychiatry
Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University
New York, New York

Jami F. Young, Ph.D.
Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology
Rutgers University-New Brunswick
Piscataway, NJ

Elaina A. Zendegui, Psy.D.
Department of Psychiatry
Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University
New York, New York

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials

Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Edited by Daniel B. Fishman, Stanley B. Messer, David J.A. Edwards, and Frank M. Dattilio

Reviews and Awards

"At a time when few would argue that one form of therapy is sufficient to address all problems faced in clinical practice, there is a growing recognition that not one single method of research allows us to capture the complexity of the process of change. Drs. Fishman, Messer, Edwards, and Dattilio provide the field with a sophisticated and innovative actualization of methodological pluralism. Based on studies that cut across treatment models and clinical populations, this book demonstrates how the integration of quantitative findings of randomized trials and qualitative findings of cases taken from such trials can increase the breath, depth, and validity of our understanding of how psychotherapy works. Because it gives researchers an essential map to guide the investigation of therapy and because it offers clinicians new territories of knowledge to explore, it is destined to become a pillar for the future of our scientific practitioner model."--Louis Castonguay, PhD, Penn State University

"Brilliantly conceived and executed, Case Studies within Psychotherapy Trials is a refreshing and rigorous demonstration of the mixed-method approach to psychotherapy research. This landmark volume could usher in a new era of psychotherapy research that captures the best features of randomized clinical trials and case studies in which each offsets the limitations of the other and the individual client remains the center of attention."--Tracy D. Eells, MBA, PhD, Professor, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville

"The editors have assembled an exceptionally strong group of authors for this intriguing exploration of how case studies and clinical trials can complement each other. This book stands as a milestone on the road to rehabilitating the case study for scientific research on psychotherapy."--William B. Stiles, PhD, Professor Emeritus, Miami University, and Adjunct Professor, Appalachian State University

"The integration of scientific rigor and art of psychotherapy practice has been one of the most important goals in the field of psychotherapy and clinical science. Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials is by far the best example that embodies this ideal. Detailed case studies make the findings from RCTs relevant and useful for practitioners while pointing directions for the future research."--Shigeru Iwakabe, PhD, Associate Professor, Human Science Division, Ochanomizu University, Japan

"I personally found this an illuminating book. The editors describe the book as a 'proof of concept,' that is, they hope the book will demonstrate the usefulness of combining RCTs with case studies. It worked for me. I have read many RCTs. I found that the interplay of reading the cases in the context of the results from the RCTs made both more meaningful." --PsycCRITIQUES