Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias

Second Edition

Peter Kohl, Frederick Sachs, and Michael R. Franz

Covers all aspects of the heart's ability to change rate or rhythm in response to mechanical stimulation in one integrated source, with comprehensive, cross-referenced material
Highly illustrated throughout, including an 8-page colour plate section, to aid understanding
Written by the key experts in the field, and includes essential follow-on reading in the highly selective references

New to this Edition:

Completely revised throughout, reflecting the latest research in the field
Expanded sections provide more of a clinical focus
Contains completely new section reviewing insight from clinical trials

Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias

Second Edition

Peter Kohl, Frederick Sachs, and Michael R. Franz

Description

Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias offers a thoroughly reviewed compendium written by leading experts in the field on the mechanism and consequences of cardiac mechano-electrical coupling. Its coverage ranges from stretch-activated ion channels to mechanically induced arrhythmias and mechanical interventions for heart rhythm correction. Information is grouped into logical sections, from molecular mechanisms, to cell, tissue and whole organ responses, right through to patient-based observations and insight emerging from clinical trials. The information provided carefully highlights both consensus insight and current shortcomings in our understanding of cardiac mechano-electric coupling.

The book has been thoroughly revised and expanded since publication of the first edition in 2005, extensively updated to reflect recent developments in the field, and now offers a more balanced view of mechano-electrical interactions in the heart and develops a more clinical focus. Written with the practising cardiologist and junior doctor in mind, it offers interesting new insight for the established physician with an interest in cardiac arrhythmogenesis and heart rhythm management.

Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias

Second Edition

Peter Kohl, Frederick Sachs, and Michael R. Franz

Basic Science, Section I: Sub-Cellular Mechanisms of Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling
1:Evolutionary origins of stretch-activated ion channels, Boris Martinac and Anna Kloda
2:SACs in the heart, Frederick Sachs
3:The mechano-gated K2P channel TREK-1 in the cardiovascular system, Eric Honoré and Amanda Patel
4:Cell Volume–Sensitive Ion Channels and Transporters in Cardiac Myocytes, Clive M. Baumgarten, Wu Deng, and Frank J. Raucci, Jr.
5:Non-sarcolemmal stretch-activated channels, Gentaro Iribe and Peter Kohl
6:Pacemaker, potassium, calcium, sodium: stretch modulation of the voltage-gated channels, Catherine E. Morris
7:Role of caveolae in stretch-sensing: implications for mechanoelectric coupling, Sarah Calaghan
8:The membrane/cytoskeleton interface and stretch-activated channels, Thomas M. Suchyna and Frederick Sachs
9:Cardiomyocyte stretch sensing, Michiel Helmes and Henk Granzier
10:The response of cardiac muscle to stretch: Calcium and force, John Jeremy Rice and Donald M. Bers
11:Stretch effects on second messengers, Jean-Luc Balligand and Chantal Dessy
12:Functional implications of Myocyte Architecture, Kevin Kit Parker
Basic Science, Section II: Cellular Manifestations of Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling
13:Mechanical modulation of pacemaker electrophysiology, Patricia J. Cooper and Ursula Ravens
14:Mechano-electric coupling in working cardiomyocytes: diastolic and systolic effects, Michael R. Franz
15:Mechano-sensitivity of pulmonary vein cells: implications for atrial arrhythmogenesis, Chang Ahn Seol, Won Tae Kim, Jae Boum Youm, Yung E. Earm, and Chae Hun Leem
16:Heterogeneity of sarcomere length and function as a cause of arrhythmogenic calcium waves, Henk E.D.J. ter Keurs, Ni Diao, Nathan P. Deis, Mei L Zhang, Yoshinao Sugai,. Guy Price, Yuji Wakayama, Yutaka Kagaya, Yoshinao Shinozaki, Penelope A Boyden, Masahito Miura, Bruno DM Stuyvers
17:Cellular mechanisms of arrhythmogenic cardiac alternans, Kenneth R. Laurita
18:Remodeling of gap junctions in ventricular myocardium: Effects of cell-to-cell adhesion, mediators of hypertrophy and mechanical forces, André G. Kléber and Jeffrey E. Saffitz
19:The origin of fibroblasts, ECM and potential contributions to cardiac mechano-electric coupling, Troy A. Baudino and Thomas K. Borg
20:Advantages and pitfalls of cell cultures as model systems to study cardiac mechanoelectric coupling, Leslie Tung and Susan A. Thompson
Basic Science, Section III: Multi-cellular manifestations of mechano-electric coupling
21:Activation sequence of cardiac muscle in simplified experimental models: Relevance for cardiac mechano electric coupling, Vladimir S. Markhasin, Alexander Balakin, Yuri Protsenko, and Olga Solovyova
22:, Peter Kohl
23:Acute stretch effects on atrial electro-physiology, Michael R. Franz and Frank Bode
24:Stretch effects on potassium accumulation and alternans in pathological myocardium, Christian Bollensdorff and Max J Lab
25:The effects of wall stretch on ventricular conduction and refractoriness in the whole heart, Robert W. Mills, Adam T. Wright, Sanjiv M. Narayan, and Andrew D. McCulloch
26:Mechanical triggers of long-term ventricular electrical remodeling, Darwin Jeyaraj and David S. Rosenbaum
27:Mechanisms of mechanical pre- and postconditioning, Granfeldt, Jiang, Shi, and Vinten-Johansen
Translational Science, Section IV: Integrated model systems to study specific cases of cardiac MEC and arrhythmias
28:Mechano-electric coupling in chronic atrial fibrillation, Ulrich Schotten
29:Mechanically induced pulmonary vein ectopy - insight from animal models, Omer Berenfeld
30:Regional variation in mechano-electric coupling: The right ventricle, Ed White, David Benoist, and Olivier Bernus
31:Mechanical induction of arrhythmia in the ex-situ heart: insight into Commotio Cordis, Frank Bode and Michael R. Franz
32:Arrhythmias in murine models of the mechanically impaired heart, Larissa Fabritz and Paulus Kirchhof
33:Studying cardiac mechano-sensitivity in man, Flavia Ravelli and Michela Masè
34:Mathematical models of cardiac structure and function: mechanistic insights from models of heart failure, Vicky Y. Wang, Martyn P. Nash, Ian J. LeGrice, Alistair A. Young, Bruce H. Smaill and Peter J. Hunter
35:Mathematical models of human atrial mechano-electrical coupling and arrhythmias, Elizabeth M. Cherry
36:Mathematical models of ventricular mechano-electric coupling and arrhythmia, Natalia A. Trayanova, Viatcheslav Gurev, Jason Constantino, Yuxuan Hu
Clinical Relevance, Section V: Pathophysiology of cardiac mechano-electric coupling: general aspects
37:Load dependence of ventricular repolarisation, Peter Taggart and Peter Sutton
38:Is the U wave in the electrocardiogram a mechanoelectrical phenomenon?, Rainer Schimpf and Martin Borggrefe
39:Mechanical modulation of cardiac function: Role of the pericardium, John V. Tyberg
40:Mechanically-induced electrical remodelling in human atrium, Geoffrey Lee; Prashanthan Sanders; Joseph B. Morton and Jonathan M. Kalman
41:Drug effects and atrial fibrillation: potential and limitations, JM van Opstal, Y Blaauw, and HJGM Crijns
42:Stretch as a mechanism linking short- and long-term electrical remodeling in the ventricles, Eugene A. Sosunov, Evgeny P. Anyukhovsky, and Michael R. Rosen
43:Volume and pressure overload and ventricular arrhythmogenesis, Michiel J Janse and Ruben Coronel
44:Stretch effects on fibrillation dynamics, Masatoshi Yamazaki and Jérôme Kalifa
Clinical Relevance, Section VI: Pathophysiology of cardiac mechano-electric coupling: specific cases
45:Commotio cordis: Sudden death from blows to the chest wall, Mark S. Link
46:Repolarization changes in the synchronously and dys-synchronously contracting failing heart, Takeshi Aiba and Gordon F. Tomaselli
47:Ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure: Link to hemodynamic load, Steven N. Singh and Pamela Karasik
48:Mechanical heterogeneity and aftercontractions as trigger of torsades des pointes, Annerie M.E. Moers and Paul G.A. Volders
49:Stretch-induced arrhythmias in ischaemia, Ruben Coronel, Natalia Trayanova, Xiao Jie, and Michiel J. Janse
Clinical relevance, Section VII: Mechano-electric coupling as a mechanism involved in therapeutic interventions
50:Antiarrhythmic effects of acute mechanical stimulation, Tommaso Pellis and Peter Kohl
51:Termination of arrhythmias by haemodynamic unloading, Peter Taggart and Peter Sutton
52:Mechanical modulation of defibrillation and resuscitation efficacy, Derek J. Dosdall, Harish Doppalapudi, and Raymond E. Ideker
53:Anti- and pro-arrhythmic effects of cardiac assist device implantation, Paul J. Joudrey, Roger J. Hajjar and Fadi G. Akar
54:Anti- and pro-arrhythmic effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy, Nico H. L. Kuijpers and Frits W. Prinzen
Clinical relevance, Section VIII: Evidence for mechano-electric coupling from clinical trials
55:Evidence for mechano-electric coupling from clinical trials on AF, Matthias Hammwöhner and Andreas Goette
56:Evidence for mechano-electric coupling from clinical trials in heart failure, Paulus Kirchhof and Günter Breithardt
57:Mechano-electrical coupling and the pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, Hayden Huang, Angeliki Asimaki, Frank Marcus, and Jeffrey E. Saffitz
58:Evidence for mechano-electric coupling from clinical trials on cardiac resynchronization therapy, Nico R.L. Van de Veire and Jeroen J. Bax
59:Mechano-electric coupling in patients treated with ventricular assist devices: insights from individual cases and clinical trials, Cesare M. Terracciano, Michael Ibrahim, Manoraj Navaratnarajah and Magdi H. Yacoub
Outlook, Section IX: Novel directions in cardiac mechano-electic coupling
60:Measuring strain of structural proteins in vivo in real time, Fanjie Meng and Frederick Sachs
61:Roles of SAC beyond M-E Transaction, David G. Allen and Marie L. Ward
62:Distributions of myocyte stress, strain and work in normal and infarcted ventricles, Elliot J. Howard and Jeffrey H. Omens
63:Evolving concepts in measuring ventricular strain in the canine and human hearts: non-invasive imaging, Elisa E. Konofagou and Jean Provost
64:Evolving concepts in measuring ventricular strain in the human heart: impedance measurements, Douglas A. Hettrick
65:Mechanosensitive channel blockers: A new class of antiarrhythmic drugs?, Ed White

Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias

Second Edition

Peter Kohl, Frederick Sachs, and Michael R. Franz

Author Information

Peter Kohl, Chair in Cardiac Biophysics and Systems Biology at the UK National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK and a Senior Fellow of the British Heart Foundation, Frederick Sachs, Distinguished Professor and Chair of Biophysics at State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo NY, USA, and Michael R. Franz, Director of Arrhythmia Research at the Veteran Medical Center and an Adjunct Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA

Professor Peter Kohl, Chair in Cardiac Biophysics and r stems Biology at the National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK; Reader in Cardiac Physiology at the University of Oxford; Senior Fellow of the British Heart Foundation. His research crosses traditional boundaries between fields (engineering, biophysics, biology, computing) and levels (ion channel to whole organ) of investigation, focussing at cardiac structure-function relations with relevance for cardiac mechano-electric interactions.

Professor Frederick Sachs, Distinguished Professor and Chair of Biophysics at State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo NY, USA. As the original discoverer of mechano-sensitive ion channels in heart cells, he spearheaded their characterization, aided by his identification of a first selective inhibitor of these channels. More recently he developed the first fluorescent probes that sense mechanical stress in proteins, and he focuses now on their application to dystrophy and other diseases.

Professor Michael R Franz, Director of Arrhythmia Research at the Veteran Medical Center and Adjunct Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA. His development of a non-injuring technique to record monophasic action potentials has helped to study electrophysiology and arrhythmia mechanisms in patients world-wide. His own research has targeted cardiac electro-mechanics and stretch-induced arrhythmogenesis.

Contributors:

Douglas A. Hettrick, Boris Martinac, Clive M. Baumgarten, Gentaro Iribe, Catherine E. Morris, Sarah Calaghan, Thomas M. Suchyna, Michael Helmes, Kenneth R. Laurita, Troy A. Baudino, Leslie Tung, Vladamir S. Markhasin, T. Alexander Quinn, Christian Bollensdorff, Robert W. Mills, Darwin Jeyaraj, Asger Granfeldt, Ulrich Schotten, Omer Berenfeld, Henk E.D.J. ter Keurs, Chang Ahn Seol, Frank Bode, Larissa Fabritz, Ed White, Flavia Ravelli, Vicky Y. Wang, Elizabeth M. Cherry, Natalia Trayanova, Peter Taggart, Rainer Schimpf, John V. Tyberg, Geofeery Lee, Jurren M. Van Opstal, Eugene A. Sosunov, Michael J. Janse, Masatoshi Yamazaki, Mark S. Link, Takeshi Aiba, Steven N. Singh, Annerie M. E, Moers, Ruben Coronel, Tommaso Pellis, Derek J. Dodsall, Paul J. Joudrey, Nico N. H, Kuijpers, Matthias Hammwöhner, Paulus Kirchhof, hayden Huang, Nico R. L. Van de Veire, Cesare M, Terracciano, Fanjie Meng, David G. Allen, Elliot J. Howard, Elisa E. Konofagou, Eric Honoré, André G. Kléber

Cardiac Mechano-Electric Coupling and Arrhythmias

Second Edition

Peter Kohl, Frederick Sachs, and Michael R. Franz

Reviews and Awards

"This edition is more than just a rewrite as it has been substantially updated with more than a 50% increase in chapters. As a result it now extends beyond the basic science of cardiac mechano-electric coupling, through translational studies, to situations involving clinically relevant arrhythmias, and even points towards possible future developments and areas of future research. The collected contributors represent the best basic scientists and clinical investigators in their field and as such the quality and clarity of the presentation is excellent throughout ... There really is little else in this area to compare with and, as such, this book is excellent value for money." - Cardiology News, April 2013

"The original edition of this book was published over six years ago and was primarily intended for basic scientists. This edition is more than just a rewrite as it has been substantially updated with more than a 50% increase in chapters... The collected contributors represent the best basic scientists and clinical investigators in their field and as such the quality and clarity of the presentation is excellent throughout... There really is little else in this area to compare with and, as such, this book is excellent value for money." - Cardiology News, May 2013