Preface
Acknowledgements

Chapter 1 - The Art of Perception: How Art Communicates
The Primary Source
How to Look at Art: A Case Study
Iconography
Formalism
Biography
Semiotics
Psychoanalysis
Contextual Analyses
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Part I: Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Art

Chapter 2 - Art and Design in the Colonial Era
Africanisms in the New World
Architecture
Sculptural Art Forms
Fine Arts in the Age of Slavery
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 3 - Federal-Period Architecture & Design
Architecture
Charles Paquet
Woodwork
Early Masters
Federal Era Craftsmen
Civil War-Era Craftsmen
Thomas Day
Henry Gudgell
Ceramics
"Dave the Potter" (Dave Drake)
Thomas Commeraw
Metalwork
Peter Bentzon
Textile and Clothing Design
Early Quilt Making and Makers
Harriet Powers
Elizabeth Hobbs Keckley
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 4 - Nineteenth Century Neoclassicism
Sculpture
Edmonia Lewis
Florville Foy
Daniel and Eugene Warburg
Two-Dimensional Art
Joshua Johnson
William Simpson
Julien Hudson
African-American Women Artists and Friendship Albums
Jules Lion
Patrick Henry Reason
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 5 - Romanticism to Impressionism in the Nineteenth Century
The Landscape Tradition
Robert S. Duncanson
Grafton Tyler Brown
Edward Mitchell Bannister
Portraiture and Figurative Art
David Bustill Bowser
Nelson A. Primus
Henry O. Tanner
Annie E. Anderson Walker
Photography
James Pressley Ball, Sr.
Augustus Washington
Glenalvin, Wallace, and William Goodridge
Architecture in the Gilded Age
Calvin Thomas Stowe Brent
John Anderson and Arthur Edward Lankford
George Washington Foster, Jr.
Julian Francis Abele
Black Vernacular Architecture
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Part II: Early to Mid-20th Century Art

Chapter 6 - Modernism and the Harlem Renaissance
The Making of Harlem
The Great Migration
"Harlem: Mecca of the New Negro"
Supporting the Renaissance: Art Patrons
Private and Institutional Patronage
Black Patronage
Sculpture
Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller
May Howard Jackson
Sargent Claude Johnson
Nancy Elizabeth Prophet
Richmond Barthé
Painting
William Edouard Scott
Palmer Hayden
Archibald Motley, Jr.
Malvin Gray Johnson
Aaron Douglas
William H. Johnson
Lois Mailou Jones
Photography & Printmaking
James Van Der Zee
James Latimer Allen
James Lesesne Wells
King Daniel Ganaway
Other African-American Photographers
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 7 - Social Realism
The WPA Federal Art Project
Social Realist Murals
Charles Alston and the Harlem Hospital Murals
Hale Woodruff and the Golden State Mutual Murals
Avant-Garde Architecture
Augusta Savage, the Harlem Art Centers, and the Harlem Artists Guild
Selma Hortense Burke
Chicago Arts and Crafts Guild, Artists Union & South Side Community Art Center
Margaret Burroughs
Charles White
Printmaking
Dox Thrash and the Philadelphia Fine Prints Workshop
The Printmaking Legacy of Riva Helfond
Printmakers at Karamu House in Cleveland
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 8 - Mid-Twentieth Century Transitions and Surrealism
Figuration vs. Abstraction: A National Debate
The Legacy of Social Realism
Elizabeth Catlett
Ellis Wilson
Romare Bearden
Jacob Lawrence
Gwendolyn Knight Lawrence
John Biggers
Surrealism
Hughie-Lee Smith
Eldzier Cortor
Rose Ransier Pipe
Minnie Evans
Art Brut and Self-Taught Artists
Bill (William) Traylor
William Edmondson
Clementine Hunter
Horace Pippin, Jr.
Photography
Gordon Parks
Roy DeCarava
Charles (Chuck) Stewart
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 9 - Abstract Expressionism
Action Painting/Gestural Abstraction
Beauford Delaney
Norman Lewis
Alma Thomas
Color Field Painting
Sam Gilliam
Richard Mayhew
Hard-Edge Painting
Al Loving
William T. Williams
Figurative Expressionism
Robert (Bob) L. Thompson
Betty Blayton
Sculpture
Harold Cousins
Richard Hunt
Melvin (Mel) Eugene Edwards, Jr.
Barbara Chase-Riboud
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Part III: The Latter 20th Century

Chapter 10 - Pop and Agitprop: The Black Arts Movement
Spiral and the Civil Rights Movement
Reginald Gammon
Raymond Saunders
The Black Arts Movement
Museum Protests
Benny Andrews
Cliff Joseph
The WEUSI Aesthetic
Ademola Olugebefola
Ben F. Jones
James Phillips
OBAC and the Wall of Respect
AfriCOBRA and the Black Aesthetic
Jeffrey Donaldson
Wadsworth and Jae Jarrell
Barbara Jones-Hogu
Nelson Stevens
The OBAC and AfriCOBRA Legacy: Black Power Murals
William Walker
Calvin B. Jones and Mitchell Caton
Agitprop Art
Dana C. Chandler, Jr.
Joe Overstreet
David Hammons
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 11 - Black Feminist Art: A Crisis of Race and Sex
A Crisis of Race and Sex
WSABAL and WWA
Black Feminist Artists
Kay Brown
Faith Ringgold
Dindga F. McCannon
Betye Saar
Emma Amos
Nellie Mae Rowe
Black Feminist Murals
Vanita Green and Justine Preshé DeVan
Sharon Haggins Dunn
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 12 - Postmodernism
Post-Minimalism
Fred Eversley
Lorenzo Pace
Martin Puryear
Conceptual Art
Howardena Pindell
Pat Ward Williams
Glen Ligon
Intermedia Art
Houston Conwill
Terry Adkins
Lorraine O'Grady
Adrian Piper
Renee Green
Fred Wilson
Martha Jarvis-Jackson
Assemblage Art
Noah Purifoy
John Outterbridge
Aminah Brenda Lynn Robinson
Alison Saar
Willie Cole
Postmodern Photography
Carrie Mae Weems
Dawoud Bey
Lyle Ashton Harris
Lorna Simpson
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Part IV: Contemporary Trends

Chapter 13 - Neo-Expressionism, the New Abstraction, and Trends in Architecture
Neo-Expressionism
Robert Colescott
Joyce J. Scott
Michael Ray Charles
Kara Walker
Kerry James Marshall
Jean-Michel Basquiat
Danny Simmons, Jr.
The New Abstraction
Jack Whitten
Thornton Dial, Sr.
Mildred Thompson
Gaye Ellington
Architecture
J. Max Bond, Jr.
Norma Merrick Skalrek
Mario Gooden and Ray Huff
Phil Freelon
The McKissack Legacy
Other Notable Architects
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Chapter 14 - "Post-Black" and the New Millennium
Portraiture and Identity Politics
Deborah Willis
Jeff Sonhouse
Mickalene Thomas
Kehinde Wiley
Afrofuturism
Renée Cox
Ellen Gallagher
Laylah Ali
Sanford Biggers
Xaviera Simmons
Trenton Doyle Hancock
New Millennium Performance Art Trends
Nick Cave
Camille Norment
Intervention Art
William Pope.L
Theaster Gates
New Media Abstraction
Chakaia Booker
Xenobia Bailey
Mark Bradford
Jennie C. Jones
Shinique Smith
Summary
Key Terms
Questions for Further Study and Discussion

Glossary
Bibliography
Index