Section 1: Preventive Medicine
1. Preventing Diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Program
2. A Comparison of Different Dieting Strategies
3. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: The Physicians' Health Study and the Women's Health Study
4. Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: The Women's Health Initiative
5. The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC)
6. The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography
7. The Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: The Future II Trial
Section 2: Internal Medicine
8. Arrhythmia Suppression Following Myocardial Infarction: The CAST Trial
9. Choosing First-Line Therapy for Hypertension: The ALLHAT Trial
10. Statins in Healthy Patients with an Elevated C-Reactive Protein: The JUPITER Trial
11. Rate vs. Rhythm Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The AFFIRM Trial
12. Lenient vs. Strict Heart Rate Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The RACE II Trial
13. Beta-Blockers for Systolic Heart Failure: The MERIT-HF Trial
14. Initial Treatment of Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The COURAGE Trial
15. Treating Elevated Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)
16. Intensive vs. Conservative Blood Sugar Control for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial
17. The African American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT)
18. Early vs. Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients with HIV: The NA-ACCORD Study
19. Early vs. Late Initiation of Dialysis: The IDEAL Trial
20. Early Goal-Directed Therapy in Sepsis
21. Red Cell Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients: The TRICC Trial
22. Pulmonary Artery Catheters in Critically Ill Patients
23. Step-Up vs. Step-Down Therapy for Dyspepsia: The DIAMOND Trial
24. Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain
Section 3: Surgery
25. Perioperative Beta-Blockers in Non-Cardiac Surgery: The POISE Trial
26. Cardiac Stents vs. Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Severe Coronary Artery Disease: The SYNTAX Trial
27. Carotid Endarterectomy for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: The ACST Trial
28. A Trial of Arthroscopic Knee Surgery
29. Surgery vs. Rehabilitation for Chronic Low Back Pain: The MRC Spine Stabilization Trial
30. Mastectomy vs. Lumpectomy for Invasive Breast Cancer: The B-06 Trial
31. Long Term Impact of Bariatric Surgery: The Swedish Obese Subjects Study
Section 4: Obstetrics
32. The Canadian Multicenter Post-term Pregnancy Trial (CMPPT)
33. Antepartum Glucocorticoids in Premature Labor
Section 5: Pediatrics
34. Treatment of Acute Otitis Media in Children
35. A Trial of Early Ear Tube Placement in Children
36. Inhaled Corticosteroids for Mild Persistent Asthma: The START Trial
37. The Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA)
38. Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination and Autism
Section 6: Radiology
39. Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Low Back Pain
40. Screening for Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic Patients with
Diabetes: The DIAD Study
41. Diagnosing Acute Pulmonary Embolism: The Christopher Study
42. Identifying Children with Low-Risk Head Injuries Who Do Not Require
Computed Tomography
Section 7: Neurology and Psychiatry
43. Thrombolysis 3 to 4.5 Hours After an Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ECASS III
Trial
44. Initial Treatment of Depression
45. Behavioral vs. Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia in the Elderly
Section 8: Systems Based Practice
46. The Group Health Medical Home Demonstration
47. A Program to Improve Care Coordination at Hospital Discharge: Project RED
48. Reducing Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit: The Keystone ICU Project
49. Early Palliative Care in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
50. Directly Observed Therapy for the Treatment of Tuberculosis in Baltimore
Section 9: Study Questions and Answers